Devices and accessories for use in wireless guest engagement systems

ABSTRACT

A guest engagement system and associated methods provide seamless engagement with guests of facilities through the use of wireless sensing technologies. The system makes use of individual guest devices which are carried by guests and used to automatically identify and authenticate the guests throughout the facility. Services can thereby be seamlessly provided to the guests throughout the facility. The services include automatic unlocking of doors, including hotel or state room doors, based on the guests&#39; immediate proximity to their assigned room&#39;s door. The services also include automated payment services provided at checkout or vending terminals, and automated log-on to interactive displays and portals, among others, based on secure wireless authentication of the guest devices.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/460,972filed Mar. 16, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser.No. 15/459,906 filed Mar. 15, 2017, which in turn claims the benefit ofU.S. Provisional Applications No. 62/420,998, filed on Nov. 11, 2016,and No. 62/440,938, filed on Dec. 30, 2016 in the U.S. Patent andTrademark Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated by referenceherein in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present subject matter relates to techniques and equipment forproviding automated engagement with guests of a facility using wirelesssensing technologies.

BACKGROUND

Guests of hotels and resorts, cruise ships, as well as other retail andcommercial establishments, have come to expect a high level of serviceand engagement from their hosts. The service can include being providedwith ready access to private and/or restricted areas without having topresent a badge or other form of identification, to swipe or tap anaccess card, or to otherwise proactively authenticate themselves. Theengagement can include being personally recognized by the hosts andprovided with services and recommendations on that basis, withoutrequiring the guests to identify themselves and remind the host of theirpreferences or pre-existing bookings.

In the present context, service and engagement is provided only on thebasis of users providing a name or identification, tapping or swiping anaccess card, and having information on bookings retrieved manually by ahost through a computer terminal. For example, guests must present photoidentification and a credit card at the time of check-in, guest must tapor swipe an access card to activate elevators or unlock doors of healthfacilities and guest rooms during their stay, and guests must identifythemselves each time they interact with a concierge, restaurant host, orfront desk staff. As a result, interactions between hosts and guests areimpersonal and disjoined.

This disclosure provides a novel guest engagement system that relies onrecent improvements in low power wireless communication technologies anddistributed sensor networks to provide novel services to those guestswithout requiring guests to proactively identify and/or authenticatethemselves. The guest engagement system thereby enables hosts toseamlessly engage with the guests throughout their facilities andprovide recommendations to the guests based on the guests previousexperiences.

SUMMARY

The teachings herein provide system and methods for providing seamlessengagement with guests of facilities including (and not limited to)resorts, cruise ships, hotels, convention centers, retail and othercommercial establishments, amusement parks, casinos, or otherlarge-scale facility (or group of facilities), through the use ofwireless sensing technologies. The functionalities rely on guests havingindividual guest devices which are used to automatically identify andauthenticate the guests throughout the facility, so as to seamlesslyprovide services to the guests.

The guest engagement system relies on the guest devices (also referencedas medallions) periodically broadcasting beacon signals that uniquelyidentify the devices and their associated guests. The periodic beaconsignals are detected by sensors provided throughout the facility, andused by the guest engagement system to provide personalized services.The services include automatic unlocking of doors, including hotel orstate room doors, based on the guests' immediate proximity to theirassigned room's door. The services also include automated paymentservices provided at checkout or vending terminals, and automated log-onto interactive displays and portals, among others, based on securewireless authentication of the guest devices.

In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a guestengagement system includes a plurality of guest devices provided tousers of the guest engagement system, each guest device including awireless communication antenna and operative to emit a periodic beaconsignal broadcasting a unique identifier of the guest device usingBluetooth low energy (BLE) communications. The guest engagement systemfurther includes a sensor network comprising a plurality of sensors eachmounted at a different known location and operative to detect theperiodic beacon signals including the unique identifiers emitted usingBLE communications by guest devices of the plurality of guest devicesthat are proximate to the sensor. The guest engagement systemadditionally includes a communication network connecting each of theplurality of sensors of the sensor network, and a central server. Thecentral server is communicatively connected to each of the plurality ofsensors of the sensor network via the communication network, and storesa log associating each unique identifier of a guest device detectedusing BLE communications by a sensor of the sensor network with theknown location of the sensor and a timestamp.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, a guestengagement system includes a plurality of guest devices provided tousers of the guest engagement system, each guest device having a uniqueidentifier and including first and second wireless communicationantennas respectively configured for Bluetooth low energy (BLE) and nearfield communication (NFC) communications. The guest engagement systemfurther includes a sensor network comprising a plurality of sensors eachmounted at a different location. At least one sensor of the plurality ofsensors is operative to detect guest devices that are proximate theretoand receive unique identifiers therefrom based on BLE communication withthe guest devices, and at least another sensor of the plurality ofsensors is operative to detect guest devices that are proximate theretoand receive unique identifiers therefrom based on NFC communication withthe guest devices. The guest engagement system also includes acommunication network connecting each of the plurality of sensors of thesensor network, and a central server. The central server iscommunicatively connected to each of the plurality of sensors of thesensor network via the communication network, and stores a logassociating each unique identifier of a guest device received using BLEor NFC communications by a sensor of the sensor network.

In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, an assemblyincludes a wireless device and an accessory. The wireless device has adevice body with a tapered shape including a front surface, a rearsurface having a same shape as the front surface and a greater dimensionthan the front surface, and a cavity in which a processor and at leastone wireless communication antenna are disposed. The accessory isconfigured to be worn by a user and has an accessory body having atapered cavity configured to releasably receive the wireless device. Thetapered cavity includes a rear opening having the same shape as thefront and rear surfaces of the device body.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, a wirelessdevice includes a body having a tapered shape including a front surfaceand a rear surface having a same shape as the front surface and adimension greater than the front surface. The body includes a cavity inwhich a processor and at least one wireless communication antenna aredisposed.

In accordance with a further aspect of the present disclosure, anaccessory configured to be worn by a user includes a body having innerand outer surfaces respectively configured to face towards and away fromthe user when the accessory is worn. The body has a tapered cavityextending between a front opening in the outer surface of the body and arear opening in the inner surface of the body, the rear opening has asame shape as the front opening, and the rear opening has a dimensionthat is greater than that of the front opening.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, a portablewireless device includes a body having a fully enclosed cavity, the bodyhaving all dimensions equal to or smaller than 2.5 inches, and the bodyhaving a thickness equal to or smaller than ⅝ inch. The portablewireless device further includes a processor, a memory, a battery, andfirst and second wireless communication antennas disposed in the cavity.The first and second wireless communication antennas are respectivelyconfigured for Bluetooth low energy (BLE) and near field communication(NFC) communications.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, a portablewireless device includes a body having a fully enclosed cavity, and aprocessor, a memory, a battery, and first and second wirelesscommunication antennas disposed in the cavity. The first and secondwireless communication antennas are respectively configured forBluetooth low energy (BLE) and near field communication (NFC)communications. The body comprises an open metallic ring disposed tosubstantially surround the cavity of the body, and the open metallicring includes at least one opening having a non-conducting materialdisposed therein.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, a portablewireless device includes a body having a fully enclosed cavity, and aprocessor, a memory, a battery, and first and second wirelesscommunication antennas disposed in the cavity. The body has a frustumshape, a front surface that is circular, and a rear surface that iscircular and has a diameter greater than that of the front surface. Thefront and rear surfaces have diameters of 0.75 to 2.5 inches, the bodyhas a thickness of ⅛ to ⅝ inch, and an angle between the front surfaceand a side surface of the frustum-shaped body is in the range of 86 to88 degrees. The first and second wireless communication antennas arerespectively configured for Bluetooth low energy (BLE) and near fieldcommunication (NFC) communications.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, anelectronic door lock assembly includes a latch assembly, a door lockcommunication module, and an access panel. The latch assembly includes alatch and an electronically controlled locking mechanism operative toselectively unlock a door. The door lock communication module iselectrically connected to the electronically controlled lockingmechanism of the latch assembly, and includes a radio configured forwireless communication. The access panel includes a radio configured forwireless communication with the door lock communication module, a firsttransceiver configured for wireless communication with a user device,and a second transceiver for communication with a reservation server.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, a doorlatch assembly includes a door knob, a latch selectively operated byoperation of the door knob, an electronically controlled lockingmechanism operative to selectively unlock the latch, and a proximitysensor operative to sense contact or proximity of a user with the doorknob. The electronically controlled locking mechanism is operative toselectively unlock the latch based on the contact or proximity of theuser with the door knob sensed by the proximity sensor.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, an accesspanel for controlling an electronically controlled door lock includes aradio and first and second transceivers. The radio is configured forwireless communication with a door lock communication moduleelectrically connected to an electronically controlled lockingmechanism. The first transceiver is configured for wirelesscommunication with a user device to identify a user seeking to activatethe electronically controlled locking mechanism. The second transceiveris configured for communication with a reservation server storingidentifiers of users authorized to activate the electronicallycontrolled locking mechanism. Each of the radio, first transceiver, andsecond transceiver operate according to a different communicationstandard.

Additional advantages and novel features will be set forth in part inthe description which follows, and in part will become apparent to thoseskilled in the art upon examination of the following and theaccompanying drawings or may be learned by production or operation ofthe examples. The advantages of the present teachings may be realizedand attained by practice or use of various aspects of the methodologies,instrumentalities and combinations set forth in the detailed examplesdiscussed below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawing figures depict one or more implementations in accord withthe present teachings, by way of example only, not by way of limitation.In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same or similarelements.

FIGS. 1A and 1B are high-level functional block diagrams showingcomponents of a guest engagement system.

FIGS. 2A-2E and 3A-3E show medallions or guest devices used in the guestengagement system and accessories within which the medallions can bereleasably inserted.

FIGS. 4A-4F show exploded perspective views of further accessorieswithin which the medallions can be releasably inserted.

FIGS. 5A-5L are diagrams showing component parts of the medallions orguest devices.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing functional components of a medallion.

FIGS. 7A-7I show an automated door lock assembly and components thereofthat provides for automatically unlocking a door based on an interactionwith a medallion.

FIGS. 8A-8N are diagrams showing sensors of the guest engagement systemand component parts thereof.

FIG. 9 is a high-level functional block diagram showing additionalcomponents, including end devices, of a guest engagement system.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a gaming station that can be used aspart of the guest engagement system.

FIGS. 11 and 12 are simplified functional block diagrams of computerhardware platforms that may be used to implement functionalities of theguest engagement system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are setforth by way of examples in order to provide a thorough understanding ofthe relevant teachings. However, it should be apparent to those skilledin the art that the present teachings may be practiced without suchdetails. In other instances, well known methods, procedures, components,and/or circuitry have been described at a relatively high-level, withoutdetail, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring aspects of the presentteachings.

The various techniques and equipment systems disclosed herein enableautomated engagement with users or guests of a facility using wirelesssensing technologies.

The guest engagement system relies on wireless sensing technologies tosecurely identify guests based on medallions worn or carried by theguests, and to automatically provide services to the guests based on thesecure identification. The system additionally provides enhancedengagement with guests by maintaining a database of guest locations andexperiences, and enabling services to be provided to the guestseamlessly regardless of the guests' locations.

FIG. 1A provides a general block diagram showing components of a guestengagement system 10. The guest engagement system 10 of FIG. 1A may beprovided in a facility such as a ship (e.g., cruise ship), hotel,restaurant, resort, convention center, medical center or other treatmentfacility, retail or other commercial establishment, entertainment venue(e.g., concert hall, movie theater, arena, or stadium, amusement park orcasino), transportation center (e.g., airport, marine port or terminal,train or bus station, multi-modal transport center), or other facilityor combination of such facilities. In one example, the facility may be acruise ship hosting large numbers of guests, or a cruise ship lineincluding multiple cruise ships, associated shore facilities (e.g., portfacilities), and partnering facilities (e.g., facilities of partnersproviding shore activities for cruise guests). In another example, thefacility may be a resort including one or more hotels, restaurants,theaters, amusement parks, and other associated facilities distributedacross one or more geographic locations. In a further example, thefacility may be a set of facilities associated with a particular event,such as a convention or tradeshow, that includes locations of multiplepartnering establishments (e.g., hotels, restaurants, museums, arenas,malls or other retail locations). Users of the guest engagement systemare referenced generally herein as guests 12. In the example of a cruiseship, the guests 12 include cruise passengers and can more generallyinclude stewards, staff, and other users of guest devices 11. In otherexamples, guests 12 can include any person interacting with the guestengagement system 10 including users of guest devices 11. Guests 12 maythus reference patients, nurses, doctors, and visitors, among otherusers, in the illustrative context of a medical or treatment facility;convention goers and/or exhibitors in the illustrative context of aconvention facility; shoppers, staff members, travelers, salespersonnel, and others in illustrative contexts of various types ofcommercial establishments.

The guest engagement system 10 is configured to communicate wirelesslywith guest devices 11, such as medallions worn or carried by guests 12,which each uniquely identify an associated guest and are configured forsecure communication with the guest engagement system 10. In theexamples detailed herein, the guest devices 11 take the form ofmedallions and will generically be referenced as medallions in thisdisclosure. However, the devices/medallions 11 can take other formats,and the term medallion thus is not intended to limit the scope of guestdevices 11 that may be used as part of the system 10. The guestdevices/medallions 11 are preferably light and compact so as to bereadily worn or carried by users. The guest devices/medallions 11 areconfigured to communicate using at least one wireless communicationtechnology/protocol and, preferably, are configured to communicate usingtwo or more distinct wireless communication technologies/protocols. Forexample, a medallion 11 can be configured to communicate according toboth near field communication (NFC) standards and Bluetooth low energy(BLE) standards, though the medallion 11 may generally operate usingonly one of the standards at any given time in order to reduce energyexpenditure.

The guest engagement system 10 includes a sensor network 13 of sensors15 mounted throughout the facility and configured to communicatewirelessly with guests' medallions 11. A sensor 15 of the network 13 maybe used for sensing a guest's location (or proximity to the sensor 15),for example by detecting beacon signals or other signals emitted by themedallion 11. The sensor 15 can also engage in two-way communicationwith the medallion 11 to transmit information to and receive informationfrom the medallion 11. A sensor 15 may also be located in or otherwiseassociated with a particular interface device 17 or interface functionof the system, such as a sensor that is associated with a door lock 17a, an automatic door or turnstile, a vending terminal 17 b, a cashregister, a slot machine, an interactive display 17 c or portal 17 d, orthe like. In some situations, the sensor 15 is mounted within theinterface device 17, while in other situations, a sensor 15 associatedwith an interface device 17 is mounted in the vicinity of the interfacedevice. For example, a spotlight sensor can be placed above a locationat which a user interacting with the interface device 17 would belocated (e.g., above a location directly in front of, and around 1 footaway from, the interface device 17), so as to only sense beacon signalsemitted by medallions of users located directly in front of and close tothe interface device 17. When associated with a particular interfacedevice 17 or interface function, the sensor 15 may engage in two-waycommunication with the medallion 11 and provide a secure communicationchannel between the device and medallion, for example to provideautomatic unlocking of the door lock based on secure authentication of aparticular guest's medallion.

The guest engagement system 10 can further make use of end devices suchas BLE-enabled mobile devices, tablet computers, or interactive displaysto provide services to guests through sensing of (and communicationwith) medallions 11. The services provided using end devices can beprovided in addition to the aforementioned services provided using thesensors 15 of the sensor network 13 and of interface devices 17 toprovide services. As described in further detail below (see, e.g., thediscussion of FIG. 9), the services provided through the end devices caninclude location services (including location-sensing of medallionsbased on the end devices sensing medallions' beacon signals, andreporting of sensed medallions and locations to a system server 21), andcausing medallions to switch into or out of a various operating modes(e.g., sleep, beacon, and bi-directional modes), among other services.

The guest engagement system 10 also includes one or more servers 21communicatively connected to the network 13 of sensors, to the interfacedevices 17, and wirelessly to the medallions 11 via the various sensors15 provided throughout the guest engagement system 10 and the associatedfacility. One or more communications network(s) 19 provide communicationcapabilities between the various elements of the system 10. In oneexample, the guest engagement system 10 includes at least oneauthentication server used to authenticate guests' medallions andprovide encryption and decryption services. The system can furtherinclude one or more servers storing databases of guest information(e.g., guest reservations), payment transaction servers (e.g., includingguest billing information), location information (e.g., locations ofsensors 15 within the facility, and locations of medallions 11throughout the facility and elsewhere) and the like.

Detailed descriptions of various components of the guest engagementsystem 10 will now be provided with reference to the accompanyingfigures. The descriptions are focused on illustrative embodiments ofcomponents of the system, and do not limit the scope of attributes andfunctions of the components and system.

Two different structures of sensors 15 can be used in the system. In oneexample, each individual sensor 15 in the guest engagement system 10includes a processor and memory that control, at least in part,operation of the sensor 15. In such an example, each sensor mayadditionally include a network transceiver including a communicationport for communicatively connecting the sensor 15 to the communicationnetwork 19. The network transceiver may be an Ethernet, Wifi, or otherappropriate transceiver.

Alternatively or additionally, the guest engagement system 10 mayinclude sensor network peripherals 14 distributed throughout thefacility and operative to have sensors 15 directly connected thereto. Insuch an example, FIG. 1B provides a general block diagram showing a moredetailed view of the sensor network 13 of the guest engagement system 10showing sensor network peripherals 14 that are used to connect sensors15 to the communication network 19. In particular, as shown in thefigure, sensors 15 of the sensor network 13 are each directly connectedto respective sensor network peripherals 14, and each receive power fromand operate under the control of the corresponding sensor networkperipheral 14. In turn, the sensor network peripherals 14 are connectedto the communication network 19 and communicate with the servers 21through the network 19.

Each sensor network peripheral generally includes a network transceiverfor communication with the communication network 19, such as anEthernet, Wifi, or other appropriate network transceiver. Each sensornetwork peripheral 14 further includes at least one port for connectingat least one associated sensor 15. For example, the sensor networkperipheral 14 typically includes one or more communication buses throughwhich multiple sensors 15 or other devices can be connected. Forinstance, a sensor network peripheral 14 may include two buses eachoperative to connect up to sixteen sensors 15 in one example. Throughthese connections, the sensor network peripherals 14 serve to relaysensing information captured by the sensors 15 to the communicationnetwork 19 and servers 21, and to relay control or communications fromthe communication network 19 and servers 21 back to the sensors 15. Thesensor network peripherals 14 may further relay data or othercommunications received from medallions 11 by the sensors 15 to thecommunication network 19 and servers 21, and to relay control orcommunications from the communication network 19 and servers 21 back tothe medallions 11 via the sensors 15.

Each sensor network peripherals 14 includes a processor and memory, andis operative to control operation of the sensor(s) 15 connected thereto.In particular, the use of the sensor network peripheral 14 can enablethe guest engagement system 10 to function with sensors 15 havingminimal (or no) on-board processing power and memory, and sensors 15requiring minimal configuration during initial system installation. Inparticular, through the use of the sensor network peripherals 14, theindividual sensors 15 do not need to store individual networkidentifiers (e.g., unique network addresses) for use by the sensors 15to identify themselves on the communication network 19 and to identifydata transmitted by each respective sensor 15 on the network 19 ashaving originated in the respective sensor 15. Instead, the sensornetwork peripherals 14 are configured to package data received fromsensors 15 connected thereto for communication across the network 19,and in particular are configured to associate with data received fromeach respective sensor 15 an identifier for the respective sensor 15.The sensor network peripherals 14 are further configured to packetizethe data from the sensors 15 for communication across the network 19.Additionally, the individual sensors 15 do not need to be operative tocommunicate on the network 19, and each respective sensor 15 does notneed to have processing power sufficient to identify and process packetsdestined for the respective sensor from among packets communicatedacross the network 19. Instead, the sensor network peripherals 14 areconfigured to process data communicated across the network 19 toidentify packets destined for the respective sensor network peripheral14 and/or for sensors 15 connected thereto, to process instructionsincluded in the packets, and to control the appropriate sensor(s) 15connected thereto according to the processed instructions.

As described above, the use of sensor network peripherals 14 therebyenables the wireless guest engagement system 10 to operate using lowcost sensors 15 that do not include network communication circuitry andinclude no or minimal processing power and memory. Additionally, the useof sensor network peripherals 14 enables the wireless guest engagementsystem 10 to be configured for and begin operation without having toassign individual network identifiers to each sensor 15, and/or withouthaving to configure the servers 21 with information on each individualsensor 15 in the system. Instead, the wireless guest engagement system10 can be configured for operation by connecting multitudes of sensors15 directly to nearby sensor network peripherals 14 located throughoutthe facility, and configuring the sensor network peripherals 14 forcommunication through the communication network 19 with the servers 21.

While the foregoing description has focused on sensor networkperipherals 14 being directly connected to sensors 15 configured tosense the presence of and/or communicate with medallions 11, the sensornetwork 13 and the sensor network peripherals 14 can more generallysupport other types of sensors or devices (reference generally bynumeral 16 in FIG. 1B). Specifically, the sensor network 13 and thesensor network peripherals 14 can be used to control operation of andrelay sensing data from the other sensors or devices 16 through thecommunication network 19. The sensors or devices 16 may include sensorssuch as smoke or CO (carbon monoxide) sensors, infrared or occupancysensors, photodiodes or light sensors, temperature and/or humiditysensors, and the like. The other sensors or devices 16 can also includedevices such as speakers and/or microphones (e.g., parts of a publicaddress (PA) system), actuators or controllers (e.g., for opening orclosing vents or window shades), switches or relays (e.g., for turningon/off lights, heating and ventilation, power), cameras (e.g., as partof a security system), and the like. The sensor network peripherals 14can further be configured to support sensors mounted in (or associatedwith) vending terminals 17 b, interactive displays 17 c, and otherinterface devices 17 described throughout this document.

The functionality provided by the sensor network peripherals 14 can alsobe incorporated into other components of the wireless guest engagementsystem 10. Notably, the functionality of the sensor network peripherals14 can be incorporated into components that include a processor, memory,and a network transceiver for communication across the communicationnetwork 19. For example, as shown in FIG. 1B, an access panel 705provided in association with a door lock 17 a may be configured for useas a sensor network peripheral 14. Note that the access panel 705 isdescribed in further detail below in relation to FIGS. 7A-7I. In theexample of FIG. 1B, the access panel 705 can include at least one portand/or bus for connecting one or multiple sensors 15 thereto, and theaccess panel 705 may be configured to support operation of the sensors15 as described above in relation to the sensor network peripherals 14.

As detailed above, a guest device 11 can take the form of a medallion11, such as the illustrative medallion 11 shown in FIG. 2A. As shown,the medallion 11 takes the form of a token having an outer diameter ofapproximately 1.25 inches (range of 0.75 to 2.5 inches), a thickness ofapproximately ⅜ inch (range of ⅛ to ⅝ inch), and a weight ofapproximately 1.8 ounces (range of 1.2-2.4 ounces).

The medallion 11 is configured to be insertable into differentaccessories worn by guests 12. The accessories enable the medallions 11to be securely attached to the guests 12 so as to ensure that guests donot inadvertently lose or misplace their medallions. FIG. 2B shows anillustrative accessory 201 that takes the form of a wrist-band orbracelet. Other types of accessories, including lanyards, pendants,keychains, necklaces, belt buckles, bathing suites (e.g., bikini rings),body piercings, and the like, some of which are shown in FIGS. 4A-4F,can also be used. The medallion 11 is configured to be inserted into acavity of the wrist-band accessory 201 that is shaped and sized toreceive the medallion 11. As shown, the medallion 11 is inserted via arear of the wrist-band accessory 201, i.e., via a side of the accessory201 that is designed to face the user, such as the inside surface of thewrist-band that is designed to contact a wrist of a user when thewrist-band is worn. The medallion 11 is inserted via a rear of thewrist-band accessory 201 so as to ensure that the medallion 11 cannotinadvertently slip out of the accessory 201 when the accessory 201 isworn by the user. In particular, as shown in FIG. 2C, the cavity of theaccessory 201 configured to receive the medallion can be tapered andthus have an angled or chamfered edge ensuring that the medallion 11 canbe inserted into cavity of the accessory 201 but cannot pass through thecavity and exit the accessory 201 through a front surface thereof. Inthe example of FIG. 2C, the edge is angled at approximately 3 degreesrelative to a right-angled edge (corresponding to an angle of 87 degreesrelative to the front or back surface). In detail, the cavity in theexample of FIG. 2C may not have a cylindrical shape but may instead havea tapered shape, e.g. a frustum shape of a slice of a cone having acircular base and edges angled relative to the circular base at apredetermined angle (e.g., 3 degrees (+/−1 degree) relative to aright-angled edge, corresponding to an angle of 87 degrees (range of86-88 degrees) relative to the front or back surface). The angle is suchthat the rear/lower opening of the cavity is larger than the front/upperopening, to thereby prevent the medallion 11 from passing through thecavity.

Similarly, the medallion 11 can tapered shape having an angled edgealong is outer peripheral surface, and the edge may be angled with apredetermined angle equal to that of the cavity (e.g., 3 degrees (+/−1degree) relative to a right-angled edge, corresponding to an angle of 87degrees (range of 86-88 degrees) relative to the front or back surface),as also shown in FIG. 2C. The angled edge of the medallion is such thatthe medallion has a smaller dimension (e.g., smaller diameter) on thefront/upper surface 11 a of the medallion 11 relative to the back/lowersurface 11 b of the medallion 11. As such, the combination of anglededges of the medallion 11 and cavity in the accessory 201 ensure thatthe medallion can only be placed in the accessory 201 in such a way thatthe front surface 11 a of the medallion 11 faces outwards while a backsurface 11 b faces rearwards. Additionally, the medallion 11 may besized to be slightly smaller than the cavity so as to ease the fit ofthe medallion 11 within the cavity. For example, the medallion 11 mayhave an outer dimension, such as an outer diameter, that is 0.75 mm(e.g., range of 0.5-1 mm) smaller than the inner dimension/diameter ofthe cavity to enable the medallion 11 to be inserted into the cavityeven in the medallion is not perfectly aligned with the cavity and/or istilted with respect to the cavity.

In summary, the medallion can thereby easily and securely couple to theaccessory 201 by virtue of the following features. The medallion 11 hasan angled edge, sloping at a predetermined angle (e.g., 3 degrees) fromthe “front” surface of the medallion to the “rear” surface so as toalign with the oppositely formed angled edge of the accessory 201. Theangled edge design allows for alignment of the medallion 11 to theaccessory by inserting the medallion in the “rear” side of theaccessory. Since the medallion 11 can only be inserted into or removedfrom the rear of the accessory 201, the forces needed to dislodge themedallion 11 from the accessory 201 are rearward and thus opposed to abody of a guest wearing the accessory 201 (and/or opposed to anothersurface preventing the easy dislodging of the medallion) when themedallion is in the accessory 201. As such, the medallion 11 cannotreadily be dislodged or removed from the accessory 201 when theaccessory is worn 201.

The foregoing description has focused on medallions 11 having circularshapes, and corresponding cavities having circular shapes. However, thisdisclosure is not limited to such medallions and cavities. Moregenerally, medallions 11 and corresponding cavities in accessories mayhave oval or other rounded shapes or square, rectangular, or otherangular shapes (e.g., triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc.). In eachcase, the medallions 11 and corresponding cavities may have taperedshapes including angled edges sloping at a predetermined angle (e.g., 3degrees) from the “front” surface of the medallion to the “rear” surfaceso as to ensure that the medallion 11 can only be inserted into orremoved from the rear of the accessory 201. In such cases, themedallions 11 may have front and rear surfaces having substantiallysimilar (or identical) shapes and different dimensions so as to conferthe tapered shape to the medallions 11, and the cavities in theaccessories may similarly have front and rear openings havingsubstantially similar (or identical) shapes and different dimensions soas to confer the tapered shape to the cavities.

Additionally, the medallion 11 and accessory 201 can include magnetsused to ensure that the medallion 11 is automatically positioned in apredetermined rotational orientation with the cavity of the accessory201 (e.g., self-alignment of the medallion 11 in the accessory 201). Themagnets additionally provide magnetic adhesion between the medallion 11and accessory 201 to reduce the chances of the medallion 11 coming loosefrom (and/or falling out of) the accessory 201. Different numbers ofmagnets can be used for this purpose. For example, two, three, four, orfive or more magnets can be used. The magnets may be evenly spacedaround peripheries of the medallion 11 and of the cavity or, moregenerally, can be spaced at predetermined locations around theperipheries selected such each magnet mounted in the medallion 11 alignswith a corresponding magnet mounted in the periphery of the cavity whenthe medallion 11 is inserted in a desired orientation in the cavity ofthe accessory.

As shown in FIG. 2D, four magnets can be provided in the accessory 201at positions aligned with four magnets provided in the medallion 11 toensure that the medallion 11 is always orientated in the correctposition in the X and Y axis. In particular, opposite polarity magnetscan be provided at each location in the medallion 11 and accessory 201,as shown in FIG. 2E, so as to automatically align the medallion 11 in aparticular rotational orientation relative to the accessory 201. Forexample, in the magnet coupling mechanism of FIG. 2E, the magnets on thetop of the medallion 11 and accessory 201 (e.g., the “top” in theorientation shown in FIG. 2D) have polarities that are inverted relativeto the magnets at the bottom of the medallion 11 and accessory 201(e.g., the “bottom” in the orientation shown in FIG. 2D), so as toprevent the medallion 11 from being inserted rotationally upside downrelative to the orientation shown in FIGS. 2D and 2E. This feature,along with the angled edges detailed in relation to FIGS. 2B and 2C,ensure that the medallion 11 can only be (or is preferentially) insertedinto the accessory 201 in one orientation. As shown in FIG. 3A, themedallion 11 can have a metal outer rim and a plastic body disposedwithin the interior of the metal outer rim. Electronics included in themedallion 11 are mounted within the plastic body. The metal outer rim isinterrupted in at least one location to form an open ring, and includesa plastic or other non-conducting spacer within the resulting gap. Forexample, in the embodiment of FIG. 3A, the metal outer rim is formed oftwo separate semi-circular metal housings that, when disposed along theouter rim of the medallion 11, are spaced part from each other by twodiametrically opposed gaps. The gaps in the metal outer rim (or betweenmetal outer rim parts) ensure that eddy currents cannot flow around themetal outer rim, and thereby ensure that eddy current flow does notsignificantly dampen the wireless communication capabilities of themedallions 11. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3E, the circular metalhousing can include one or more gaps that are filled by injection moldedplastic. As also shown in FIG. 3E, the circular metal housing caninclude indentations for placing magnets such as those described abovein relation to FIGS. 2D-2E. In general, the metal outer ring is formedof a non-magnetic metal material and can be formed, for example, ofburnished aluminum.

A similar gap in a metal outer rim can be included in accessories 201,as shown in FIG. 3B. In detail, in embodiments in which an accessory 201is metallic or includes metallic components around the periphery of thecavity configured to house the medallion 11, the accessory 201 includesa gap in the metal outer rim of the cavity. The gap in the metal outerrim (or between metal outer rim parts) ensures that eddy currents cannotflow around the metal outer rim, and thereby ensures that eddy currentflow does not significantly dampen the wireless communication capabilityof a medallion 11 housed in the accessory 201. To ensure proper functionof the gaps in the metal outer rims of the medallion 11 and accessory201, the gaps of the medallion 11 and accessory 201 should be alignedwhen the medallion 11 is mounted in the accessory 201. Specifically, thealignment of the gaps ensures that even if the outer metal rims of themedallion 11 and accessory 201 contact each other, the metal rims do notjointly form a closed metal loop around the electronics of the medallion11. In order to ensure alignment of the gaps, magnets such as thosedescribed above in relation to FIGS. 2D and 2E can be used to provide adesired rotational alignment of the medallion 11 within the accessory201. The geometry and polarity of the magnets are arranged so as to havethe medallion self-orient in the accessory with the gaps in the metalouter rings aligned with each other (e.g., adjacent to each other or incontact with each other).

The gaps in the medallion 11 and in the accessory 201 have widthsselected to ensure that a closed metal loop is not formed even if themedallion 11 and the accessory 201 are not in perfect alignment.Alternatively or additionally, an insulating liner 41 such as a plasticor other insulating liner shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D can be provided alongan inner surface of the cavity in the accessory 201 housing themedallion 11. The insulating liner 41 can extend along an entirecircumference of the cavity, or the insulating liner 41 can be locatedso as to contact the gap in the metal outer rim of a medallion 11 whenthe medallion 11 is mounted in the desired orientation in the accessory201. The insulating liner 41 ensures that a metal rim of the accessory201 does not form a short circuit across the gap in the metal outer rimof the medallion 11 by providing insulation between the gap in the metalouter rims of the medallion 11 and the accessory 201.

As shown in FIG. 2B, the accessory 201 can take the form of awrist-band. However, other accessory formats can also be used. Forexample, FIGS. 4A-4E show various other types of accessories configuredto have medallions 11 inserted therein. In this regard, FIG. 4A shows asport band accessory including a sports band (made, e.g., of silicone),a retaining ring (made, e.g., of stainless steel and including a gapfilled with a non-conducting material 31) that fits into the sports bandand includes indentations for holding magnets, and a two-part claspdesigned to close the band around a user's wrist. The retaining ringincludes, in its center, the cavity configured to releasably house amedallion 11. FIG. 4B shows a clip (made, e.g., of aluminum) thatincludes a cavity configured to releasably house a medallion 11, andfurther includes a gap filled with a non-conducting material 31 aroundthe periphery of the cavity. The clip may be attached to a keychain insome examples. FIG. 4C shows a cuff (made, e.g., of nylon) that includesa retaining ring (made, e.g., of stainless steel and including a gapfilled with a non-conducting material such as plastic) that fits intothe cuff and includes indentations for holding magnets. The retainingring includes, in its center, the cavity configured to releasably housea medallion 11.

FIG. 4D shows a bracelet (made, e.g., of stainless steel including a gap32 filled with a non-conducting material 31), and a retaining ring 33(made, e.g., of stainless steel and including a gap filled with anon-conducting material 31) that fits into the bracelet and includesindentations 34 for holding magnets. The retaining ring includes, in itscenter, the cavity configured to releasably house a medallion 11. FIG.4E shows a pendant (made, e.g., of stainless steel including a gap 32filled with a non-conducting material 31), and a retaining ring 33(made, e.g., of stainless steel and including a gap filled with anon-conducting material 31) that fits into the pendant and includesindentations for holding magnets. The retaining ring includes, in itscenter, the cavity configured to releasably house a medallion 11. Insome examples, the pendant is configured to attach to a decorative chainfor wearing by a guest. In other examples, the pendant is configured toattach to a keychain or other item. Finally, FIG. 4F shows a mountconfigured to be worn using a watch-type band. The mount (made, e.g., ofstainless steel including a gap filled with a non-conducting material)has a retaining ring (made, e.g., of stainless steel and including a gapfilled with a non-conducting material 31) that fits into the mount andincludes indentations for holding magnets.

The accessories shown in FIGS. 4A-4E are non-limiting examples ofaccessories in which medallions 11 can be mounted. However, other typesof accessories, including lanyards, pendants, keychains, necklaces, beltbuckles, bathing suites (e.g., bikini rings), body piercings, and thelike, may also be used.

The foregoing description of the medallions 11 has focused on externalattributes of the medallions 11, such as the medallions shown in FIG.5A. Specifically, FIG. 5A shows top, bottom, and side views of anillustrative medallion 11. The following description of FIGS. 5B-5Edetails internal structures of various embodiments of the medallions.

As shown in FIGS. 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E, different embodiments ofmedallions 11 include magnets 501, a bottom cap 503, a foam filler 505,a battery assembly 507 (e.g., a CR2025 battery), an insulation filmspacer 509, a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) 511, a BLE antenna513 (e.g., a J-shaped BLE antenna), an NFC antenna 515 (e.g., a woundwire coil antenna), a metal housing 517 (e.g., of aluminum), and a topcap 519. The BLE antenna 513 can be soldered to an upper surface of thePCB 511, while the NFC antenna 515 may be connected to the PCB 511 bypogo pins. In the embodiment of FIG. 5E, the NFC antenna 515 is coatedin silicone for durability. As shown in FIG. 5B, the magnets 501 may fitwithin indentations provided in the top cap 519 (or, alternatively, inthe bottom cap 503) and be held in place by the indentations.Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5E, the magnets 501 may fit withinindentations provided in the silicone coating the NFC antenna 515 andmay be held in place by the indentations.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 5B, 5D, and 5E, the metal housing 517 ismanufactured separately from the bottom and top caps 503 and 519. Themetal housing 517 may be made of aluminum or other metal, while thebottom and top caps 503 and 519 may be made of plastic. In contrast, inthe embodiment of FIG. 5C, the top cap 519 is integrally formed with themetal housing 517. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 5C, the topcap 519 and metal housing 517 may be machined out of a block of materialincluding metal and plastic materials disposed within the block suchthat, following machining, the top cap 519 has an open metal ring (e.g.,at 517) disposed around its outer peripheral surface that is interruptedby one or more gaps that are filled with plastic or other insulatingmaterial. Additionally, following machining, the top cap 519 has aplastic (or insulating) center. For this purpose, the block of materialused for machining may be a plastic-impregnated metal.

FIGS. 5F and 5G show detailed views of PCB assemblies 511 used inmedallions 11, which show in detail the J-shaped BLE antenna mounted onan upper surface of the PCB. As shown in FIG. 5F, the J-shaped BLEantenna can be formed of stamp-cut steel, include machine-bent tabs, andinclude alignment pins for placement on the PCB. The pins may alsoprovide connection to ground and feed pads. As shown in FIG. 5G, theJ-shaped BLE antenna can be formed using a laser direct structuring(LDS) process as an injection-molded plastic part plated with metal, andmay include snap features on a bottom of the molded part for use inplacement and alignment on the PCB.

Detailed schematics of the J-shaped BLE antenna are provided in FIGS.5H-5L. FIGS. 5H-5K show detailed schematic views of the BLE antennaprovided from front, side, rear, and bottom views, respectively, whileFIG. 5L provides a perspective view of the BLE antenna. Dimensions ofthe antenna and design tolerances on the dimensions are provided in thefigures in millimeters (mm). The dimensions provided are illustrative,and the BLE antenna can be scaled up or scaled down relative to thedimensions shown depending on the particular application in which theBLE antenna element is to be used. In the embodiment shown in thefigures, the dimensions of the antenna are set such that an overalllength of the antenna enables the antenna to resonate at a desiredfrequency in the 2.4 GHz range, for example by setting an overall lengthof the radiation element to approximately ¼ wavelength at 2.4 GHz.Moreover, the radius of curvature of the J-shaped antenna may be set tomaximize the radius of curvature of the antenna within the spaceconstraints imposed by the cavity of the medallion within which theantenna is located while ensuring that the antenna does not contact ametallic outer ring of the medallion.

In embodiments in which the J-shaped BLE antenna is formed using a laserdirect structuring (LDS) process as an injection-molded plastic partplated with metal, the rear surface (shown in FIG. 5J) may be formed ofthe injection-molded plastic part while the front surface (shown in FIG.5H) may be substantially fully plated with metal. The metal platingformed on the front surface may extend to the rear surface, and maynotably extend to those portions of the rear surface shown in grayshading in FIG. 5J. In particular, the metal plating may extend along atop edge 521 of the J-shaped antenna to the rear surface of the antennaand thereby provide an antenna ground terminal that is electricallyconnected to a ground terminal of the PCBA 511. The metal plating mayfurther extend onto a side protrusion 523 of the J-shaped antenna to therear surface of the antenna and thereby provide an RF signal terminalthat is electrically connected to the PCBA 511. In operation, the PCBA511 may thus apply signals between the ground terminal (at 521) and theRF signal terminal (at 523) in order to emit BLE signals using theantenna, and may sense signals at those terminals in order to receiveBLE signals using the antenna.

Additionally, as shown in the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 5I, theJ-shaped antenna has a non-planar profile including two bend points usedto elevate the antenna element above the ground plane of the PCBA 511.By spacing the antenna element high above the ground plane, the antennaelement is capable of radiating more RF energy. Finally, corners of theJ-shaped antenna can be formed by laser trimming so as not to be rightangled (90 degree) in order to enable fine frequency tuning.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing functional components of a medallion11. The components shown in FIG. 6, including the microprocessor 603,memory 601, transceivers 607 and 609, and sensor 605, form part of thePCBA 511 shown in FIGS. 5B-5E.

As shown in FIG. 6, the medallion 11 includes a memory 601,microprocessor 603, optional sensor(s) 605 such as an accelerometer, oneor more transceivers 607, 609 and associated antennas 513, 515, and thebattery 507. The components may be communicatively and/or electricallyconnected to each other by circuits integrated in the PCB of the PCBA511. In particular, the memory 601 is communicatively connected to themicroprocessor 603, such that machine-executable programminginstructions stored in the memory 601 can be executed by themicroprocessor 603 to cause the medallion 11 to perform functions suchas those described throughout this disclosure. In addition toprogramming instructions, the memory 601 stores a unique identifier usedby the guest engagement system 10 to uniquely identify each medallion.The memory 610 can also store encryption and decryption keys, andencrypted data. For example, in one example, the memory stores both apublic identifier for the medallion 11 that uniquely identifies themedallion and is broadcast in the beacon signal emitted by themedallion, and a private identifier that also uniquely identifies themedallion, is stored in an encrypted format in the memory, and is usedto securely authenticate the medallion (e.g., for use in payments andfor unlocking doors). Additionally, the microprocessor 603 iscommunicatively connected to one or more optional sensors 605, such asan accelerometer sensor, and to one or more transceivers 607, 609.

As noted above, the medallion includes at least one transceiver andassociated antenna configured for wireless communication with the guestengagement system 10. As shown, the medallion 11 includes twotransceivers each operating according to a different communicationstandard. In the example, a first transceiver 607 operates according tothe BLE standard, and is connected to an associated antenna 513 used forBLE communications, while a second transceiver 609 operates according tothe NFC standard (e.g., a radio-frequency identification (RFID)standard), and is connected to an associated antenna 515 used for NFCcommunications. While each transceiver is shown as having a dedicatedantenna in FIG. 6, in some embodiments two or more transceivers mayshare a same antenna.

As described above, the BLE transceiver and antenna is used by themedallion 11 to emit periodic beacon signals that enable the guestengagement system 10 to determine the location and identity of a guestand provide services to the guest. The BLE transceiver and antenna canalso be used for secure communications. The operation of the BLEtransceiver and antenna, however, generally requires that the battery507 provides sufficient power to the medallion 11 for operation. Whenthe charge level of the battery 507 falls below a threshold, and/or thebattery or BLE transceiver fails, the medallion 11 may be unable tocommunicate using BLE signals. In such situations, the medallion cannonetheless operate as a passive NFC/RFID device. In particular, tofunction as a passive NFC/RFID device, the medallion does not requireany power from the battery for operation. Instead, the medallionoperates based on power harvested through the NFC antenna from radiofrequency signals inducing current flow in the antenna. When operatingas a passive NFC/RFID device, the medallion may be configured totransmit signals including the medallion's unique identifier in responseto receiving RFID interrogation signals or other signals inducingsufficient current flow in the antenna. The guest engagement system 10may thus be able to provide limited services to guests even if theguests' medallions do not receive sufficient operating power from theirbatteries.

When the battery 507 provides sufficient power for operation of the BLEtransceiver, the medallion 11 is configured to operate using threedistinct modes of operation. Specifically, the memory 601 storesprogramming instructions which, when executed by the microprocessor 603,cause the medallion 11 to operate according to a selected one of thethree modes of operation. Initially, when a medallion 11 is firstactivated by being provided with a battery 507, the medallion 11operates in the sleep mode of operation. The sleep mode of operation isa very low power mode of operation which conserves battery power. In thesleep mode of operation, the medallion 11 listens periodically fornetwork advertisements from a recognized guest engagement system 10 andremains in the sleep mode of operation as long as an advertisement isnot received from a recognized guest engagement system 10. In the sleepmode of operation, the medallion 11 listens for network advertisementson a periodic schedule—such as once every 30 seconds, once every minute,once every 5 minutes, or the like. If a network advertisement isreceived during a periodic listen period, the medallion 11 determineswhether the advertisement is for a recognized guest engagement system 10and, upon determining that the advertisement is from a recognized guestengagement system 10, the medallion 11 switches to the bi-directionalmode of operation.

In the bi-directional mode of operation, the medallion 11 is configuredto both emit a beacon signal via the BLE transceiver 607 and antenna513, and to listen for communications from the recognized guestengagement system 10 via the BLE transceiver 607 and antenna 513. Themedallion 11 may additionally listen for communications via the NFCtransceiver 609 and antenna 515 in the bi-directional mode of operation.The medallion 11 listens for communications from the recognized guestengagement system 10 on a periodic basis in the bi-directional mode ofoperation, for example every 10 ms, every 100 ms, or the like. Furtherdetailed information on the bi-directional mode of operation is providedbelow in relation to the description of the door lock. The medallion 11may continue to operate in the bi-directional mode of operation untilthe medallion 11 receives a communication from the recognized guestengagement system 10 causing the operating mode to switch to the beaconmode of operation. The bi-directional mode of operation may consumehigher power than the sleep mode of operation.

In the beacon mode of operation, the medallion 11 is configured to emitthe beacon signal via the BLE transceiver 607 and antenna 513.Optionally, the medallion may periodically listen for communicationsfrom the recognized guest engagement system 10 via the BLE transceiver607 and antenna 513, but the listen time periods occur less frequently(e.g., every second, every 5 s, or the like) in the beacon mode ofoperation than in the bi-directional mode of operation. As a result, thebeacon mode of operation is associated with a lower power consumptionthan the bi-directional mode of operation, but a higher powerconsumption than the sleep mode of operation. The periodic listenperiods in the beacon mode of operation are used to listen forcommunications from the recognized guest engagement system 10 causingoperation mode to switch to the bi-directional mode of operation.

In both the bi-directional and beacon modes of operations, periodicbeacon signals are transmitted from the medallion 11. In general, thebeacon signals include a unique identifier of the medallion, and aretransmitted on a periodic basis (e.g., every 10 ms, every 100 ms, everysecond, or the like). The beacon signals can be sensed by sensors 15 ofthe recognized guest engagement system 10, and used by the guestengagement system 10 to determine the approximate position of themedallion 11 within the facility. The beacon signals are also used bythe recognized guest engagement system 10 to provide services to theguest, as described in more detail below.

The medallions 11 communicate wirelessly with the sensors 15 of therecognized guest engagement system 10 to enable the guest engagementsystem to provide automated engagement with users or guests of thefacility in which the sensors 15 are mounted. While the sensors 15 canbe mounted throughout the facility, some sensors 15 are mounted in orotherwise associated with a particular interface device 17 or interfacefunction of the system. As shown in FIG. 1A, interface devices 17include door locks 17 a, automatic doors or turnstiles, vendingterminals 17 b, cash registers, slot machines, interactive displays 17 cor portals 17 d, and the like. A particular interface device 17, whichprovides functionality of a door lock 17 a, is described in detail belowwith respect to FIGS. 7A-7I.

The door lock 17 a provides guests the ability to gain access to theircruise ship stateroom, resort room, or other limited access facility(e.g., a VIP lounge, spa, fitness facility, elevator bank, or the like)simply by walking up to the door, reaching out to grasp the handle, andopening the door that is automatically unlocked based on wirelesscommunications with the guests' medallions 11. Specifically, the doorlock 17 a detects the presence of a medallion 11 in front of (or inclose proximity to) the door and unlocks the door for permitted guest(s)or service personnel (e.g., stateroom stewards, maids, or facilitiesengineers). Additionally, the door lock 17 a can include a display panelthat provides a visual and audio greeting to the guest and can providereal-time information about the guest's up-coming activities, and/ormessages from the crew, staff, or other members of the guest's party.The door lock display panel can include a panel-mounted camera used torecord images and video of unauthorized persons attempting to access theroom as well as images of crew, staff members, and others who access theroom.

FIGS. 7A-7I illustratively show an automated door lock assembly 700 thatprovides the functionality of the door lock 17 a to automatically unlocka door based on an interaction with a guest's medallion 11. As shown inFIG. 7A, the automated door lock assembly 700 can be used on a ship(e.g., a cruise ship) or a hotel to selectively unlock the door of aguest's room (e.g., a state room or hotel room). Specifically, theautomated door lock assembly 700 can be used to selectively unlock thedoor of a guest's room to allow entry into the room. In general, thedoor remains unlocked at all times from the inside of the room, to allowguests to exit the room unimpeded.

The automated door lock assembly 700 includes a latch assembly 701 shownin more detail in FIGS. 7E, 7G, and 7I, a door lock module 703 thatselectively unlocks the latch assembly 701, and an access panel 705mounted proximate to the door. The latch assembly 701 includes a latchand a door handle, knob, or other mechanical component(s) that providedoor handle/knob functionality, and is generally mounted within the doorthat it controls. The latch assembly 701 also includes an electronicallycontrolled locking and unlocking mechanism, such as a locking mechanismcontrolled by a solenoid. The locking and unlocking mechanism of thelatch assembly 701 is controlled by the door lock module 703, which isan electronic module operative to send locking and unlocking signals tothe electronically controlled locking mechanism. The latch assembly 701will generally also include a mechanical locking and unlockingmechanism, such as a key-based mechanism that enables the door to beunlocked using a physical key.

The door lock module 703 is electrically connected to the latch assembly701, and more specifically to the locking mechanism of the latchassembly 701, by a wire or other conductor. The door lock module 703generally is battery powered and is mounted within the door, althoughthe door lock module 703 can be placed in different locations dependingon implementation. A same battery may be used to power both the doorlock module 703 and the electronically controlled locking and unlockingmechanism of the latch assembly 701. In addition to controlling theelectronically controlled locking mechanism, the door lock module 703communicates wirelessly with the access panel 705 from which it receivesinstructions to unlock the door.

The access panel 705 communicates wirelessly with the door lock module703, and provides instructions to unlock the door to the door lockmodule 703. The access panel 705 also communicates wirelessly withguests' medallions 11 and determines, based on a secure read ofinformation stored in a guest's medallion 11, whether or not to instructthe door lock module 703 to unlock the door. The access panel 705additionally communicates with a central reservation server 21 of theguest engagement system 10 to securely retrieve information on guestspermitted access to the door, and determines whether or not to instructthe door lock module 703 to unlock the door based on whether theinformation obtained from the guest's medallion 11 (e.g., a uniqueencrypted identifier) matches that of a guest permitted access to thedoor. While the access panel 705 can be battery powered, the accesspanel 705 generally receives power from an external source (e.g., viapower over Ethernet (POE)). In some examples, the access panel 705communicates wirelessly with the central reservation server 21, forexample via a Wi-Fi network. Generally, however, the access panel 705 isconnected to a wired network (e.g., an Ethernet network) through whichit communicates wirelessly with the central reservation server 21 andthrough which it receives electrical power for operation. Note that theaccess panel 705 may be connected to an uninterruptible power supply(UPS) so as to be able to continue to function even if power receivedfrom a power grid or generator is interrupted.

FIGS. 7C and 7D provide detailed views of an illustrative access panel705. As shown in the figures, the access panel includes a flat-paneldisplay (e.g., a 7″ touch sensitive display), an integrated camera, andwireless transceivers and associated antenna(s) for communicating withmedallions 11 via BLE and/or NFC. The flat-panel display can be used toprovide greetings to guests for whom the door in unlocked, to provideinformation to guests for whom the door in not unlocked, as well as toprovide other information. Further functions of the access panel 705 aredescribed in more detail below.

FIGS. 7E, 7G, and 7I provide exploded views of the latch assembly 701,including the door handle/knob and door latch mechanism. Additionally,FIG. 7E shows the door lock module 703 that can be located within thecasing of the latch assembly 701 and that controls operation of theelectronically controlled unlocking mechanism of the latch assembly 701.

Additionally, as shown in FIGS. 7E, 7G, and 7I, the latch assembly 701includes electrical isolation sleeves mounted on the spindle of the doorhandle and configured to electrically isolate the door handle from otherportions of the latch assembly 701. For example, the electricalisolation sleeves may isolate the door handle from the latch mechanism.The electrical isolation of the door handle can enable the door handleto be used by the door lock module 703 as a communication antenna forits ISM radio. The electrical isolation of the door handle can furtherenable the door lock module 703 to monitor a capacitance of the doorhandle and identify changes in the capacitance of the door handle. Inone example, the door lock module 703 measures changes in an electricalpotential of the door handle by charging the door handle to a nominalvoltage (e.g., 0.05 V) and determining when the electrical potential ofthe door handle has returned to zero. The monitoring of capacitanceperformed by the door lock module 703 enables the door lock module 703to determine when a person touches, contacts, or is in close proximity(e.g., less than a few centimeters) to the door handle so as to activatethe unlocking mechanism of the latch assembly 701 only when a personcontacts or is in close proximity to the door handle.

FIG. 7F shows a semi-transparent view of an alternative latch assembly701. As shown, the latch assembly includes an LED status indicator,shown as a translucent ring-shaped indicator disposed around a base ofthe door handle, that is used to provide status information of the doorlatch assembly. In one example, the LED status indicator may providegreen illumination when a guest is authorized to open the door andprovide red illumination when a guest is denied authorization to openthe door.

FIG. 7H is a block diagram illustratively showing components of the doorlock module 703 and of the access panel 705. As shown in FIG. 7H, thedoor lock module 703 includes a microprocessor controlling operation ofthe door lock module 703, and a memory storing instructions forexecution on the microprocessor. The door lock module 703 additionallyincludes a sensor, such as a radio frequency (RF), infrared (IR), orcapacitive proximity sensor, used to determine when a guest's handcontacts or comes into close proximity to the door handle. The door lockmodule 703 additionally includes a short-range radio, such as a radiooperating on the ISM band, for encrypted wireless communication with theaccess panel 705. The door lock module 703 is powered by a battery and avoltage boosting converter such as a 4.5 V boost converter.

The access panel 705 includes a microprocessor controlling operation ofthe access panel 705, and memory storing instructions for execution onthe microprocessor. The access panel 705 additionally includes ashort-range radio, such as a radio operating on the ISM band, forencrypted wireless communication with the door lock module 703. Theaccess panel 705 can include a back-up battery for providing back-uppower, and generally includes a power supply receiving electrical powerfrom an external source such as power received over an Ethernet cable.The access panel 705 additionally includes one or more transceivers andassociated antennas for communicating with medallions 11, such as a BLEtransceiver and antenna and an NFC transceiver and antenna. In someexamples, the antenna(s) of the access panel 705 are specificallydesigned to wrap around an outer edge of the display of the access panel705. Additionally or alternatively, the access panel 705 may beassociated with (and connected to) a spotlight sensor 15 that isdisposed on a ceiling directly in front of the door, and operation ofthe access panel 705 may be based on beacon signals detected by thespotlight sensor 15 and emitted from medallions 11 of guests locateddirectly in front of the door. Additionally, a network transceiverenables the access panel 705 to communicate across a wired or wirelessnetwork, such as across the communication network 19 of the guestengagement system 10 with a central reservation server 21. In general,each access panel 705 is associated with one particular door that it islocated adjacent to, and the access panel 705 is associated one-to-onewith the door lock module 703 of that one door such that the accesspanel 705 can only control unlocking of the one door and the door lockmodule 703 operates in response from commands from only that accesspanel 705.

In operation, the latch assembly 701 generally maintains the door in alocked state as a default. The access panel 705 maintains its BLEtransceiver (or the BLE transceiver of the associated sensor 15)activated so as to detect any beacon signals transmitted by medallions11 operating in proximity to the access panel 705. For this purpose, theaccess panel 705 and/or its associated sensor 15 may be configured todetect beacon signals transmitted by recognized medallions that arewithin a range of 2-4 feet from the access panel. Thus, when arecognized medallion 11 enters the read range of the access panel 705and/or its associated sensor 15, the access panel 705 begins to receivethe periodic beacon signals transmitted by the medallion 11 andinitiates a door unlocking sequence.

First, based on the timing of receipt of a recognized beacon signal, theaccess panel 705 determines when the next time period during which themedallion will listen for communications from the guest engagementsystem 10 will occur. In turn, during the determined time period, theaccess panel 705 initiates a secure connection to the medallion 11across which the access panel 705 can request the medallion's uniqueprivate identifier (e.g., using encryption such as elliptic curvecryptography (ECC) encryption). The unique private identifier can takethe form of an encrypted code, such as a 48 byte encrypted code, thatuniquely identifies the medallion 11. In response to the request, theaccess panel 705 and medallion 11 establish a secure and/or encryptedcommunication channel over which the medallion provides its uniqueprivate identifier to the access panel 705. In general, the uniqueprivate identifier is communicated over an encrypted BLE connection.Once the unique private identifier is received, the access panel 705activates a lock control unit (LCU) that is operative to consult a localmemory to determine whether the guest associated with the unique privateidentifier and medallion 11 are allowed access to the door at thecurrent time. For this purpose, the access panel 705 maintains in localmemory a white list including records of medallions' unique privateidentifiers that are allowed access to the door at the current andfuture times. If the unique private identifier received from themedallion 11 is encrypted, the LCU decrypts the identifier anddetermines whether the decrypted identifier is on the white list. If theaccess panel 705 determines that the guest associated with the uniqueprivate identifier and medallion 11 is allowed access to the door at thecurrent time (e.g., the unique private identifier is included in thewhite list), the access panel 705 displays a welcome message on itsdisplay screen and initiates door unlocking. In the alternative, if theaccess panel 705 determines that the received identifier is not listedin the record of identifiers that are allowed access to the door, theaccess panel 705 consults a reservation server 21 across the network 19to retrieve updated information (if any) on medallion identifiers thatare allowed access to the door. In turn, if the received identifier isnot listed among the updated information, the access panel 705determines that the guest is not allowed access to the door at thecurrent time and optionally activates its camera to capture a picture ofthe guest and transmits the picture to a central server 21. Note that incases in which the access panel 705 detects multiple medallions 11within its vicinity, the access panel 705 performs the above steps foreach detected medallion, displays a welcome message in the guest'slanguage of choice on its display screen identifying each guestassociated with a medallion 11 that is allowed access to the door, andinitiates door unlocking if at least one of the detected medallions ison the white list.

As part of unlocking the door, the access panel 705 activates its ISMradio and establishes a secure communication channel with the ISM radioof the associated door lock module 703. Once the secure communicationchannel is established and the guest or crew member is determined to beallowed access to the door, the access panel 705 transmits an armingcode (e.g., a door unlock authorization signal) to the door lock module703 across the secure ISM channel. The arming code may be sent as amessage that is encrypted, for example using a 128-bit advancedencryption standard (AES). In response to receiving the arming code, thedoor lock module 703 activates the proximity sensor (e.g., a capacitiveproximity sensor) so as to monitor when the guest's (or crew member's)hand contacts or comes into close proximity to the door handle. Upondetermining that the guest's (or crew member's) hand contacts or comesinto close proximity to the door handle, the door lock module 703activates the unlocking mechanism (e.g., a solenoid) of the latchassembly 701. If the door is unlocked and opened, the door lock module703 can communicate that the door has been opened to the access panel705 and the access panel 705 can, in turn, instruct the medallion 11 toreturn to the beacon mode of operation.

Optionally, the door lock module 703 can monitor when a person's handcontacts or comes into close proximity to the door handle at all times.In turn, if a door unlock authorization signal has not been receivedfrom the access panel 705 and the door lock module 703 determines that aperson's hand has contacted or come into close proximity to the doorhandle, the door lock module 703 may send an unauthorized access attemptsignal to the access panel 705. In response to receiving theunauthorized access attempt signal, the access panel 705 activates itscamera to capture a picture of the person having attempted to access thedoor and transmits the picture to a central server 21.

In embodiments in which the medallion 11 is configured to operate inboth the bi-directional and the beacon mode of operation, the doorunlocking sequence described above can include additional steps. If themedallion 11 is operating in the bi-directional mode of operation, thedoor unlocking sequence can proceed as described above. Optionally, oncethe door is determined to be unlocked, the door lock module 703 cancommunicate that the door has been opened to the access panel 705 andthe access panel 705 can, in turn, communicate to the medallion 11 thatthe medallion can return to the beacon mode of operation.

If the medallion 11 is operating in the beacon mode of operation, theguest engagement system 10 may need to instruct the medallion 11 toswitch to the bi-directional mode of operation in order to enable themedallion 11 to establish the secure communication channel with theaccess panel 705 and provide the access panel 705 with the medallion'sunique private identifier. For this purpose, the access panel 705 can,in one example, determine based on the timing of receipt of a beaconsignal from the medallion when the next time period during which themedallion will listen for communications from the guest engagementsystem 10 will occur. In turn, during the determined time period, theaccess panel 705 transmits to the medallion 11 a communication to causethe medallion to switch to the bi-directional mode of operation. Forexample, the access panel 705 may transmit a request for the medallion'sunique private identifier and, in response to receiving the request, themedallion may switch to the bi-directional mode while continuing totransmit periodic beacon signals.

In another example, the guest engagement system 10 may cause themedallion 11 to switch to the bi-directional mode of operation prior tothe medallion 11 reaching the close proximity of the access panel 705(e.g., prior to being within 2-4 feet of the access panel 705). In theexample, location services provided by the guest engagement system 10monitor the location of each guest within the facility via the guest'smedallion 11. Specifically, the network 13 of sensors 15 of the guestengagement system 10 continuously monitors beacon signals received frommedallions 11 in each sensor 15 of the network and identifies medallions11 that are in proximity to each sensor 15 based on the received beaconsignals and the public identifiers contained therein. Based on themonitoring of the locations of medallions 11, the guest engagementsystem 10 can determine whether a recognized medallion is nearing alocked door that is associated with the medallion 11. For example, thesystem 10 may determine that the medallion 11 has entered a hallway thatincludes a door to which the guest associated with the medallion hasaccess to, or that the medallion 11 has reached a pre-determinedvicinity (e.g., 100 feet or less) from such a door. In response to thedetermination, the guest engagement system 10 causes one or more sensors15 that are within communication range of the medallion 11 to transmit awake command to the medallion 11 to cause the medallion 11 to switch tothe bi-directional mode of operation.

In the foregoing example, the guest engagement system 10 mayadditionally send a wake command to the access panel 705 of the door towhich the medallion has access as the medallion 11 nears proximity ofthe door. In response to the wake command, the access panel can beginmonitoring its BLE transceiver for any medallions 11 that are within itsread range and are on the authorized user list (e.g., white list) storedby the access panel 705.

The description of the functioning of the automated door lock assembly700 provided above has focused on BLE-based detection and communicationsbetween the access panel 705 and medallion 11. However, both the accesspanel 705 and medallion 11 are also configured for NFC-based detectionand communications, and the access panel 705 also provides functionalityfor unlocking an associated door based on NFC-based communications. TheNFC-based communications can be used, among other use cases, insituations in which a medallion's battery has run out and the medallionis thus unable to emit BLE-based beacon signals or engage in BLE-basedcommunications. To support NFC-based communication, the access panel 705periodically emits an NFC read signal or NFC interrogation signal thatis used to energize any passive NFC-based devices in its vicinity. If amedallion 11 is located in the vicinity of the access panel 705, the NFCread signal will activate the medallion's NFC antenna and transceiverand cause the medallion 11 to provide the access panel 705 with anNFC-based response beacon signal including the public identifier for themedallion 11. Based on the received response signal, the access panel705 can then establish a secure NFC-based communication channel with themedallion 11 and proceed with door unlocking based on an NFC-basedunlocking process analogous to the BLE-based unlocking process describedabove (with the exception that all communications will be performedusing the NFC transceiver rather than the BLE transceiver). TheNFC-based unlocking process can also be used using NFC-enabled devicesother than medallions, including NFC-enabled access cards for example.

In addition to sensors 15 mounted in interface devices 17, the guestengagement system 10 includes a sensor network 13 of stand-alone sensors15 disposed throughout the facility (or facilities). Each sensor 15 hasa known location, and the sensors 15 in the network 13 are used to trackthe locations of medallions 11 in the facility by creating a log of eachmedallion 11 detected by each sensor 15 with an associated timestamp.Further, each sensor 15 can engage in bi-directional communication withmedallions 11 within its communication range, including the sensing ofmedallions 11 through the sensing of beacon and other signalstransmitted by the medallions 11 and the transmitting and receiving ofsignals to and from the medallions 11. Examples of stand-alone sensors15 are shown and described in FIGS. 8A-8D. Specifically, FIGS. 8A and 8Bshow views of a directional or omni directional sensor, while FIGS. 8Cand 8D show views of a spotlight sensor. The omni directional sensor hasa long communication range (e.g., of 30-50 feet, and up to 100 feet ormore) extending in all directions around the sensor; the directionalsensor has a similarly long communication range (e.g., of 30-50 feet,and up to 100 feet or more) extending in some (but not all) directionsaround the sensor. The spotlight sensor has a shorter beam-shapedcommunication range having a diameter that is adjustable and can reachup to 7-10 feet or more, and the beam-shaped typically has acommunication range extending in a selected direction from the sensorfor a shorter distance than the omni directional sensor (e.g., 15 feetor less). Note that each sensor's communication range can be adjusteddownwards from the maximum range values detailed above.

FIG. 8A shows an exploded view of the directional or omni directionalsensor that includes an electronics PCB 807 and an antenna PCB 803mounted between a base plate 811 and a radome 801. The antenna PCB 803has an antenna element 802 mounted thereon that is communicativelyconnected to circuitry of the antenna PCB 803. The antenna element 802has a proprietary shape such as those shown in detail in FIGS. 8E-8H and8K-8N that confer the directional or omni directional sensitivity to thesensor. The antenna PCB 803 communicates with the electronics PCB 807through a cable 805, and a connector 809 provides a connection betweenthe electronics PCB 807 and the wired network 19. The sensor 15 can bemounted to or in a ceiling or wall of a facility (e.g., using aconnector nut 813), and can be used to monitor and communicate withmedallions disposed within the vicinity (e.g., within the communicationrange) of the sensor. FIG. 8B shows the directional or omni directionalsensor when all components are mounted together.

FIG. 8C shows an exploded view of the spotlight sensor that includes anelectronics PCB 807 and an antenna mounted between a base plate 811 anda radome 801. A cosmetic base 814 can further be provided. The antennaPCB 803 has an antenna element 802 mounted thereon that iscommunicatively connected to circuitry of the antenna PCB 803. Theantenna element 802 has a proprietary shape shown in detail in FIGS.8I-8J that confers the spotlight or spotbeam directional sensitivity tothe sensor. The antenna includes an antenna PCB 803 having a foam spacer804 mounted on a surface thereof, and an antenna element 802 mounted onthe foam spacer 804. The antenna PCB 803 communicates with theelectronics PCB 807 through a cable 805, and a connector 809 provides aconnection between the electronics PCB 807 and the wired network 19. Thesensor 15 can be mounted to or in a ceiling or wall of a facility (e.g.,using a connector nut 813), and can be used to monitor and communicatewith medallions disposed within the vicinity (e.g., within thecommunication range and beam) of the sensor. FIG. 8D shows the spotlightsensor when all components are mounted together.

Detailed views of the antenna elements 802 that can be mounted to theantenna PCBs 803 provided in the sensors 15 such as those shown in FIGS.8A-8D are provided in relation to FIGS. 8E-8M. FIGS. 8E-8H show detailedviews of the antenna element 802 provided in a directional sensor suchas that shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. The antenna element 802 may bedesigned for wall or ceiling mounting locations within a facility andmay provide a directional sensing capability having a broad beam widthfor procuring linear polarized radiation direction to the front face ofthe antenna. As shown in the top and side views shown in FIGS. 8E-8G,the antenna element 802 has an inverted-V shape that is generallysymmetric about a center line, and includes two tabs extendingdownwardly from a main surface of the antenna that are used for mountingto the antenna PCB 803. The main surface of the antenna, shown in FIG.8E, including a rectangular central portion having symmetricalparallelogram-shaped extensions extending from opposing sides of therectangular central portion. Illustrative dimensions of the antennaelement 802, measured in inches, are provided in the figures. Thedimensions provided are illustrative, and the antenna element 802 can bescaled up or scaled down relative to the dimensions shown depending onthe particular application the antenna element 802 (and associatedsensor 15) is designed for. In particular, the dimensions can beselected and adjusted in order to vary the center frequency andimpedance matching of the antenna. For example, the dimensions providedmay be selected to provide the antenna element 802 with a resonatingoperating frequency of 2.4 GHz (within the BLE operation range in theISM band) when corresponding PCB ground spacing and housing dielectricproximity are accounted for. The lower tabs extended downwardly from themain surface of the antenna serve as a feed tap and a ground tapelectrically connected to the PCB 803, and also serve to maintain theantenna element 802 at an appropriate height spacing from the PCB groundplane.

FIGS. 8I-8J show detailed views of the antenna element 802 provided in aspotlight (or spotbeam) sensor such as that shown in FIGS. 8C and 8D.The antenna element 802 may be designed for ceiling mounting locations(or wall mount locations at high elevation with down tilt) within afacility and may provide high gain and a directional narrow-beam (i.e.,spotlight) sensing capability procuring circularly polarized (CP)radiation. As shown in the top and side views shown in FIGS. 8I-8J, theantenna element 802 has a generally planar shape, and has a shape of asquare having diagonally opposite corners removed at angles of 45degrees relative to sides of the square. The antenna element 802 ofFIGS. 8I and 8J may be mounted to the antenna PCB 803 via a foam spacer804, as shown in FIG. 8C. Illustrative dimensions of the antenna element802, measured in millimeters (mm), are provided in the figures. Thedimensions provided are illustrative, and the antenna element 802 can bescaled up or scaled down relative to the dimensions shown depending onthe particular application the antenna element 802 (and associatedsensor 15) is designed for. In particular, the dimensions can beselected and adjusted in order to vary the center frequency, axialratio, and impedance matching of the antenna. For example, thedimensions provided may be selected to provide the antenna element 802with a resonating operating frequency of 2.4 GHz (within the BLEoperation range in the ISM band) when corresponding PCB ground spacingand housing dielectric proximity are accounted for.

FIGS. 8K-8N show detailed views of the antenna element 802 provided in acircular sensor. For example, the antenna element shown in FIGS. 8K-8Nmay provide omni-directional sensing, and may be used within a sensor 15such as that shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. The antenna element 802 may bedesigned for ceiling mounting locations within a facility and provide alinear polarized broad beam width for procuring an azimuthomni-directional sensing pattern. As shown in the top and side viewsshown in FIGS. 8K-8M, the antenna element 802 has a generally symmetricshape about a center line, and includes two tabs extending downwardlyfrom a main surface of the antenna that are used for mounting to theantenna PCB 803 (as shown, e.g., in FIG. 8A). The main surface of theantenna shown in FIG. 8K has a generally circular shape. Illustrativedimensions of the antenna element 802, measured in inches, are providedin the figures. The dimensions provided are illustrative, and theantenna element 802 can be scaled up or scaled down relative to thedimensions shown depending on the particular application the antennaelement 802 (and associated sensor 15) is designed for. In particular,the dimensions can be selected and adjusted in order to vary the centerfrequency and impedance matching of the antenna. For example, thedimensions provided may be selected to provide the antenna element 802with a resonating operating frequency of 2.4 GHz (within the BLEoperation range in the ISM band) when corresponding PCB ground spacingand housing dielectric proximity are accounted for. The lower tabsextended downwardly from the main surface of the antenna serve as a feedtap and a ground tap electrically connected to the PCB 803, and alsoserve to maintain the antenna element 802 at an appropriate heightspacing from the PCB ground plane. The feed and ground taps can providefor different current flow directions on the surface of the antennaradiation element 802.

In general, the sensors 15 mounted in interface devices 17 of the guestengagement system 10, such as the antennas of access panels 705 used tounlock doors, are adjusted to have limited range (e.g., 2-4 feet) so asto only sense medallions 11 of guests that are in close proximity to theinterface devices 17. Additionally, the sensors 15 of interface devices17 can be directional or spotlight type sensors operative to detectmedallions 11 in only selected directions. In this way, a sensorassociated with an access panel 705 may be operative to only detectmedallions 11 that are disposed within a limited distance in anydirection from the sensor, while a sensor of a payment terminal orvending machine may only detect medallions 11 that are disposed within alimited angular range (e.g., directly in front of the payment terminalor vending machine) and within a limited distance (e.g., less than 2feet) from the sensor.

As noted above, the sensors 15 are disposed throughout the facility, andare used to monitor the locations of medallions 11 throughout thefacility and provide services to guests based on the sensed signals.Specifically, the sensors 15 are used by the guest engagement system 10to provide location information to the guest engagement system 10 atselectable levels of precision. At a low level of precision, thelocation of a medallion 11 is identified based on the identity(ies) ofthe one or more sensors 15 or other devices that detect beacon signalsfrom the medallion 11 at any given time. In this way, the position ofthe medallion at any time can be approximated based on the knownpositions of the sensor(s) (and/or positions of other devices, if known)having detected the medallion's most recently detected beacon signal(s).In order to determine the position of a medallion 11 at a higher levelof granularity, the position of the medallion is determined based on therelative received signal strength of the beacon signal measured at eachof the sensor(s) having received the beacon signal, and/or based oncharacteristics of the sensing range and sensing beam (e.g., sensingrange and sensing direction) of the sensor(s). In particular, whenbeacon signals from a medallion 11 are received by three or more sensors15, the relative received signal strength of the beacon signal at eachof the sensors 15 (and/or the delay between reception times of thebeacon signal at each of the sensors 15) can be used to triangulate theposition of the medallion 11 relative to the known locations of each ofthe sensors 15.

The monitoring of the locations of medallions 11 within the facility canbe performed not only by sensors 15 of the sensor network 13 but also bysensors 15 mounted in interface devices 17 of the guest engagementsystem 10. For example, the access panels 705 of automated door lockassemblies 700 located throughout the facility can be used to detect allmedallions 11 passing by the access panels 705. The access panels 705can relay the identity of all detected medallions 11 to a centrallocation server which maintains a log of all medallions' locations withassociated timestamps. Additionally, the monitoring of locations can beperformed through sensing of medallions 11 by BLE- or NFC-enableddevices, such as BLE- or NFC-enabled mobile devices, tablet computers,or interactive displays that are in communication with servers 21 of theguest engagement system 10. The BLE- or NFC-enabled mobile devices, suchas guests' mobile devices or staff members' tablets, may detectmedallions 11 located within the devices' communication ranges andreport to the central location server the identities of detectedmedallions 11 along with timestamps of detection and locationinformation for the device (if available).

In order to provide continuous real-time monitoring of the locations ofmedallions 11, each of the sensors and devices that detect medallions 11relay the identity of all detected medallions 11 along thetime-of-detection timestamps to a same central location server. Thecentral location server thus maintains a log of all medallions'locations with the associated timestamps. The central location servercan thus be used to identify each medallion's most recent detectedlocation based on the most recent log entry for the medallion 11 or, ifappropriate, based on two or more of the most recent entries in the logfor the medallion 11 (e.g., to provide increased location accuracy bycombining two different location sensing methodologies). In this way,the guest engagement system 10 provides real-time (or near real-time)evaluations of each medallion's location. The location information canfurther be used by the guest engagement system 10 to provide additionalservices to guests or others, for example to provide notification eventsto systems that are used to activate personalized interactions when amedallion 11 is determined to arrive in an area, move around an area,linger in an area for a determined amount of time, or exiting an area orspace equipped with sensors 15.

The location-based services can further be enhanced through the use ofsensors 15 located near points of entry and/or exit from a facility.Specifically, if the last entry relating to a particular medallion 11 inthe log maintained by the central location server is for an entry/exitlocation—and the log does not include any further detections of themedallion 11 at later times in the facility—the system may determinethat the medallion 11 (and its associated guest) have exited thefacility. In turn, when the medallion 11 is once again detected at thesame (or a different) entry/exit location, the medallion may bedetermined to have re-entered the facility. The guest engagement system10 may thereby maintain a log of medallions 11 that are in the facilityand a log of medallions 11 that have exited the facility. Notificationcan be provided to users based on these logs, for example to informanother guest that their family member has exited the facility and/orreturned to the facility.

In addition to the functions described above, the guest engagementsystem 10 can additionally be used for maritime mustering, emergencyevacuations, or the like. Specifically, since the guest engagementsystem 10 includes sensors 15 throughout the facility (or ship) that areconfigured to monitor the positions of medallions 11, the guestengagement system 10 maintains current up-to-date information on guests'locations within the facility at all times based on the monitoredlocations of all guests' medallions 11. Based on the current informationon guests' locations, the guest engagement system 10 can dynamicallyassign guests to mustering stations or evacuations routes when amustering or evacuation operation is undertaken. Specifically, the guestengagement system 10 can dynamically assign guests to mustering stationsor evacuations routes in such a way as to assign guests to the musteringstation or evacuation route that is closest to their current positionwhen the mustering or evacuation operation is triggered. The guestengagement system 10 can additionally or alternatively dynamicallyassign guests to mustering stations or evacuation routes so as to avoidoverloading a particular mustering station or evacuation route when themustering or evacuation operation is triggered. For example, insituations in which a large number of guests are concentrated within acertain portion of the facility (e.g., a large number of guests are inor near the stern of the ship), the dynamic assignment may be used toassign certain guests to mustering stations or evacuation routes in ornear the bow of the ship to ensure that no mustering station orevacuation route is overloaded with guests. Additionally, the guestengagement system 10 can monitor the position of medallions and guestsduring the mustering or evacuation operation, and dynamically change aparticular guest's assigned mustering station or evacuation route basedon updated real-time information obtained based on the real-timemonitoring of guests' changes in location (i.e., movement) through thefacility. In this manner, a guest's assigned mustering station orevacuation route can be updated if the guest follows an unexpected routeduring the mustering or evacuation operation, for example if the guestfollows an unexpected route to retrieve a child during the mustering orevacuation operation or if the guest must divert around a smoke-filledcorridor during the evacuation.

The guest engagement system 10 can further be used to automaticallyidentify rooms that are cleared of all guests during the mustering orevacuation operation, for example by determining that no medallions arepresent in the room and/or determining that all guests associated withthe room are located elsewhere in the facility (based on the monitoredlocations of the guests' medallions). Conversely, the guest engagementsystem 10 can be used to automatically identify rooms that have guestspresent therein during the mustering or evacuation operation (based onthe monitored locations of the guests' medallions), and to direct crewand/or emergency responders to the identified rooms to assist guests inthe evacuation.

The above-identified features of the guest engagement system 10 used inmustering and/or evacuations are enabled, in part, by the guestengagement system's ability to communicate information to guests duringthe mustering or evacuation operation. For this purpose, the guestengagement system 10 relies on the access panels 705, interactivedisplays 17 c, portals 17 d, and the like that are located throughoutthe facility. Specifically, the guest engagement system 10 providesmustering and/or evacuation instructions on the displays of interfacedevices 17, such as arrows (or more detailed instructions) pointingtowards mustering stations and evacuation routes. The instructions canadditionally be customized to the individual guests whose medallions aredetected in the vicinity of each interface device 17, for example toinstruct one guest to evacuate in a particular direction whileinstructing a different guest to evacuate in another direction (e.g., toenable the other guest to regroup with other guests in his/her party).The instructions can also provide information to guests regarding otherguests in a same party, for example to provide a guest with informationon the current location, assigned mustering location, and/or assignedevacuation route of the guest's child, spouse, or friend. Theinstructions can also be customized for each guest to display in theguest's language of choice.

The guest engagement system 10 provides services and engagement withguests through a variety of different modalities and terminals. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 9, the guest engagement system 10 can provideservices and engagement through end devices 18 such as mobile devices 18a (e.g., smartphones), tablet computers 18 b, interactive displays 18 c(e.g., touch-enabled display screens), web-enabled televisions (e.g.,stateroom televisions), desktop computers 18 d and/or web interfaces,kiosks, among others. In general, an end device 18 includes a processor,memory storing program instructions, a display, and a user inputinterface such as a touch-screen, although additional components (orfewer components) may be used. Some end devices 18, includinginteractive displays 18 c, web-enabled televisions, kiosks, and thelike, may also function as interface devices 17, and vice versa. Inparticular, end devices 18 that are BLE-enabled (e.g., include a BLEtransceiver) can generally function as interface devices 17. Conversely,interface devices 17 that include a user input interface and provideaccess to the guest engagement application described in more detailbelow can function as end devices 18.

The services and engagement provided by the guest engagement system 10may be provided through an application or other executable programstored on and executed by the end devices 18 such as a dedicated guestengagement application. The services and engagement may alternatively oradditionally be provided through web-based interfaces, such as a guestengagement interface executed on a server 21 accessed through a webbrowser executed by an end device 18 and having a communicationconnection to the server 21. The services and engagement generally relyat least in part on data and information retrieved from the servers 21of the guest engagement system 10 via network connections (e.g.,Internet connections) of the end devices 18, although certain servicesand engagement can be provided without network connections or withoutretrieving data and information from the servers 21. For purposes ofcommunicating with the servers 21, the end devices 18 are shown in FIG.9 as having wireless (e.g., in the case of end devices 18 a and 18 b) orwired (e.g., in the case of end devices 18 c and 18 d) connections tothe servers 21 through the communication network 19. Note thatcommunication network 19 can include one or more of a local area network(LAN), a wide area network (WAN), the Internet, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 9, some of the end devices 18 through which servicesand engagement are provided may be BLE-enabled devices, such asBLE-enabled mobile devices 18 a, tablet computers 18 b, or interactivedisplays 18 c. When such an end device 18 executes the guest engagementapplication, the guest engagement application may optionally activatethe BLE transceiver of the end device 18 to provide additional servicesto a user. For example, the guest engagement application may activatethe BLE transceiver of the end device 18 and use the activated BLEtransceiver to listen for beacon signals emitted by medallions 11located within a BLE communication range of the end device 18. The guestengagement application may optionally report to the servers 21 theidentifiers of medallions 11 from which beacon signals were receivedalong with a timestamp of receipt and location information for the enddevice 18 (when available). The guest engagement application may furtheruse the activated BLE transceiver to engage in two-way communicationwith medallions 11 from which beacon signals were received. In oneexample, the guest engagement application may cause the mode ofoperation of a medallion 11 to change. In one use case, the guestengagement application may cause the BLE transceiver of the end device18 to emit an advertisement from the guest engagement system, so as tocause any medallion 11 in its communication range to exit the sleep modewhen the medallion 11 detects the advertisement. In another use case,the guest engagement application may cause a medallion 11 operating inthe beacon mode to enter the bi-directional mode or the sleep mode ofoperation, or cause a medallion 11 operating in the bi-directional modeto enter the beacon mode or the sleep mode of operation.

In some instances, the guest engagement application may additionally oralternatively activate the NFC transceiver of an end device 18 when theapplication is executed on an NFC-enabled end device 18. In suchsituations, the application can be used to detect medallions 11 andengage in communication with medallions 11 via NFC. In particular, whilethe description herein is focused on BLE-based communications betweenend devices 18 and medallions 11, the features described in theBLE-based context can similarly be enabled through NFC-basedcommunication between the end device 18 and medallions 11 when using anNFC-enabled end device 18.

References to the guest engagement application throughout this documentrefer not only to instances in which the guest engagement applicationtakes the form of an application or other executable program stored onand executed by an end device 18 but also refer to instances in whichthe guest engagement application takes the form of a web-based interfaceor other terminal-based interface. In general, user interfaces providedthrough application-based and web-based interfaces will be similar,although certain functionalities of the guest engagement application mayonly be offered on application-based or on web-based interfaces.Additionally, references to the guest engagement application may referto different versions of the application, including guest-focusedversions that include only functionalities offered to guests,staff-focused versions that include additional functionalities offeredto hosts or staff, supervisor-focused versions that includefunctionalities offered to supervisors overseeing staff members, andadministrator versions that include functionalities offered to systemadministrators only.

In order to use the guest engagement application through an end device18, a guest generally needs to identify and authenticate themselves. Ifnot identified and authenticated, the guest may only have access tolimited features of the application and the guest may notably not haveaccess to user profile-based information. In instances in which theguest engagement application runs on a BLE-enabled end device 18, theguest engagement application can listen for BLE beacon signals fromguests' medallions 11 and, in response to detecting one or more beaconsignals, can provide a log-on page personalized for the guest(s) thatare automatically identified based on the detected beacon signals.Guests can then authenticate themselves to log into the application byentering a password or personal identification number (PIN) into theapplication. If the application runs on an end device 18 that is notBLE-enabled, and/or if a guest's medallion beacon signal is not detectedby the application, a guest can identify and authenticate themself tolog into the application by entering both a username and a password orpersonal identification number (PIN) into the application. Note thatwhen the application runs on a guest's own mobile device 18 a, the guestcan select to remain logged into the application in order not to have toenter a password or PIN each time the guest accesses the application.Otherwise, the guest may be automatically logged out of the applicationif no user interaction occurs for a pre-determined length of time.Additionally, in cases in which log-on was based on detecting amedallion beacon signal, the guest may be automatically logged out ifthe medallion beacon signal is no longer detected by the application orend device 18 for a pre-determined length of time or if the medallion 11is determined to have stepped away from the end device 18.

Once logged in, the application may automatically access and securelyretrieve profile information associated with the identified andauthenticated guest from the servers 21. The application can also beused to prompt a guest to provide, complete, or review missing profileinformation that is then uploaded from the application to the servers21. Profile information may include a name, identity photograph, bookingand other reservation information, payment information (e.g.,information on stored payment modalities for the guest), and the like.The profile information can also include additional data associated withthe guest, including information on the guest's past, present, andfuture activities (determined based on bookings and reservations and onlocation data), past, present, and future locations (determined based onbookings and reservations and on location data), past, present, andscheduled future orders and preferences, and the like. The profileinformation can also include pictures, music, video, and other types ofdata associated with the guest.

Through guest-focused versions of the application, the guest engagementsystem 10 provides a variety of services to guests. For example, a guestusing of the application can use the application to review the guest'sbookings, registration, and reservations, including past, present, andfuture registrations for lodging, restaurants, shows, activities, andthe like. The guest can also use the application to receive informationon and make reservations for available lodging, restaurants, shows,activities, and the like. The information may be based onrecommendations for future bookings, registrations, and reservationspersonalized for the guest based on the guest's profile information. Theguest can also use the application to review photographs, videos, andother media items make available by the guest engagement system 10,including photographs, videos, and other media items that are associatedwith the guest. The association of media items with the guest can bebased on matching guest profile information with tagged information forthe media items, such as profile and tag information indicating that avideo was taken at a location visited by the guest's medallion, profileand tag information indicating that a photograph includes a personassociated with the guest based on the person's medallion having beendetected in proximity to the photographer at the time the photograph wastaken, or the like. The application may also provide access to games(optionally including wager-based games), shopping, and otherfunctionalities.

The guest engagement system 10 may also allow guests to view live showsusing the guest-focused version of the application. The show can beviewed, for example, through the guest's stateroom television on whichthe guest engagement application can be accessed. In detail, the guestusing the guest engagement application may select to view a live showthrough the application, such as a show occurring in a theater or othervenue within the facility in which the guest engagement system 10 isinstalled or outside of the facility. In response to the selection, theguest is presented with a live audio and/or video stream of the event.Additionally, the application allows the guest to interface with aperformer participating in the live show. In detail, the application canallow the guest to send instant messages or other feedback to theperformer for example by typing a message for the performer on an userinput interface of the application (e.g., an on-screen keyboard or aremote control for a stateroom television) or selecting a feedbackbutton (e.g., a “clap” button, a “laugh” button, a “thumbs-up” button, a“heart” button, or the like). The instant messages and feedback are thendisplayed on a screen provided in front of the performer and/or providedas auditory feedback to the performer (e.g., by activating pre-recordedclapping or laughing sounds) so as to notify the performer of feedbackreceived from the guest and enable the performer to engage with theguest during the show.

In some examples, the guest engagement application providescommunication functionalities to enable users of the application(including both guests and staff) to communicate with each other usingthe application. The communication functionalities can include text,audio, and/or video-based communications between users such aschat-based communications, instant messaging (IM), voice-mail or videovoice-mail, and the like. In addition, the communicationsfunctionalities can allow users to obtain information on other linkedusers including position information. Linked users can include, in thecase of a guest, other guests in his/her party (e.g., other guests thatare part of a same reservation, such as children, parents, or the like)or guests who have accepted link request to the guest, or in the case ofa staff member, one or more persons for whom the staff member is toprovide a service (e.g., a guest having ordered food or drink to bedelivered by the staff member). For example, once users are linked, thecommunication functionality of the guest engagement application mayprovide general location information to a guest (e.g., to indicate thatanother guest is in the facility or has exited the facility) and/orprecise location information (e.g., to indicate that the other guest isin their stateroom). The communication functionality may also indicatewhether another linked guest is available for instant communication and,in some examples, may identify guests having left the facility as beingunavailable for communication.

The guest engagement system 10 provides additional functionality throughstaff-focused versions of the guest engagement application. Thestaff-focused versions of the guest engagement application can beexecuted on end devices 18 used by hosts and staff to provide servicesand engagement to guests of the facility. Commonly, hosts and staff willaccess the staff-focused version of the guest engagement application ona tablet computer 18 b end device that is BLE-enabled (e.g., the enddevice includes a BLE transceiver and BLE antenna), although in somesituations hosts and staff will access the application through other enddevices (e.g., interactive displays 18 c, portals, access panels 705 ofdoor locks, and the like).

In one example, the staff-focused version of the guest engagementapplication can be used by a staff member to engage with guests. Forthis purpose, the guest engagement application uses the BLE transceiverof the end device 18 to detect any medallions 11 within the vicinity(e.g., BLE communication range) of the end device 18. Specifically, theBLE transceiver is used to detect beacon signals emitted by medallions11 within the vicinity of the end device 18. When one or more beaconsignals is/are detected, the staff-focused version of the guestengagement application is configured to retrieve the public identifierof each medallion that is included in the emitted beacon signals, and toretrieve from the servers 21 profile information associated with theretrieved identifier(s) and associated guest(s). The retrieved profileinformation generally includes a photograph and name (or nick-name)associated with the guest. The retrieved profile information is thenprovided on a display of the end device 18 to enable the staff member orhost to engage with the guest(s) based on the retrieved profileinformation. For example, based on the retrieved profile information,the staff member can visually identify the guest, greet the guest byname or nick-name, and discuss the guest's upcoming bookings with theguest.

In situations in which profile information for multiple guests isreceived by the end device 18, the guest engagement application maydisplay profile information for the multiple guests. In some examples,the profiles may be displayed in an order of estimated distance of eachguest from the end device 18, where the estimated distance can bedetermined based on a signal strength or transmission delay associatedwith the respective BLE beacon signal associated with each guest'smedallion 11 and detected by the end device 18.

Based on the retrieved profile information, the staff member or host canassist the guest. For example, the staff member or host can review theguest's bookings, registration, and reservations; provide informationand/or make recommendations or reservations for future bookings,registration, and reservations personalized for the guest based on theguest's profile information; place orders for drinks and food fordelivery to the guest; assist the guest in finding their way through thefacility; or the like. The application may also enable the staff memberor host to engage in games (optionally including wager-based games) withthe guest, and provide further functionalities.

The guest engagement system 10 can further provide payment functionalitythrough the staff-focused version of the application. As describedabove, medallions 11 can be used for payments by establishing a securecommunication channel between the medallion 11 and a payment terminal(e.g., 17 b), authenticating the identity of the medallion 11 across thesecure communication channel using the medallion's unique privateidentifier or other encrypted information stored in the medallion 11and, based on the authenticated identity, processing a paymenttransaction using payment information associated with the authenticatedmedallion 11. Such payment transactions can be performed over BLE or NFCcommunications between the medallion 11 and payment terminal (e.g., 17b), and can be performed by vending machines, cash registers, and otherpayment terminals in which a staff member or cashier need not bepresent. In addition, a streamlined payment process can be used throughthe staff-focused version of the application. Specifically, through thestaff-focused version of the application, a staff member can performauthentication of the guest through visual recognition of the guestbased on comparing the guest's appearance with the photograph stored inthe guest's profile. In particular, the guest engagement system 10 mayprompt a staff member using the staff-focused version of the applicationto authorize a payment to a guest account. The prompt may be presentedin response to the staff member selecting through the application toplace an order on behalf of the guest (e.g., an order for food or drink,a registration for an excursion, a booking for seats at a show, a roomupgrade, a payment to participate in a game, or the like), for example.The prompt may generally rely on two complementary identificationmodalities in order to allow the staff to authorize the payment,although different numbers of identification modalities (including asingle identification modality) may be used. For example, the prompt mayrely on the end device 18 that executes the staff-focused version of theapplication detecting the medallion 11 of the guest to whom payment isto be charged (e.g., using BLE and NFC communication modalities todetect the medallion 11), retrieving profile information (including aphotograph) for the detected medallion 11 from the server 21, displayingthe photograph of the guest associated with the medallion 11, promptingthe staff member to visually confirm that the guest with whom the staffmember is interacting matches the displayed photograph and, uponreceiving confirmation from the staff member that the guest matches thephotograph, processing the payment. In the example, the twocomplementary identification modalities used are detection of amedallion 11 and visual confirmation of a guest's identity, althoughother modalities (and different numbers and combinations thereof) can beused in other examples.

The guest engagement system 10 also provides wayfinding functionality,and provides an interface for wayfinding through the guest engagementapplication. The wayfinding functionality provided by the guestengagement system 10 can be used for wayfinding within a movingreference frame as well as within a fixed reference frame. For example,in the case of wayfinding on a cruise ship, traditional locationdetermination systems such as GPS cannot readily be used for multiplereasons. First, the cruise ship can move, and wayfinding within the shipmust therefore be based on the moving reference frame of the ship ratherthan a fixed (e.g., land-based) reference frame. As a result, GPS-basedlocation determination and other fixed-reference frame locationdeterminations are of limited use since a user's GPS-based locationcannot be used to determine where the user is located relative to themoving ship. Second, the cruise ship includes substantial masses ofmetal and other surfaces which interfere with the propagation ofGPS-based signals (such that GPS signals cannot be received inside theship) and/or cause substantial signal noise as a result ofelectromagnetic signals bouncing off of metallic surfaces. As a result,traditional location determination systems are generally not effectivefor wayfinding on a ship.

In order to address the shortcomings noted above, the guest engagementsystem 10 provides its own wayfinding functionality based on the networkof sensors 13 of the guest engagement system 10. In detail, the guestengagement system 10 maintains a database of locations at whichmedallions 11 have been detected. Each record in the database includesan identifier for the medallion (e.g., the public identifier for amedallion 11 that is broadcast as part of the device's beacon signal),an identifier for a location (e.g., identifier(s) of the location(s) ofthe sensor(s) 15 or other antenna or device having detected the beaconsignal, and/or a more precise location determination based ontriangulation, multilateration, or other location-determining method),and a timestamp. The location determination performed by the guestengagement system 10 can thus be performed based on sensors of thesensor network 13 as well as based on beacon signals detected by enddevices 18, by interface devices 17, and the like. As noted previously,the location determination may be performed at different levels ofprecision depending on the types of sensors 15 through which beaconsignals have been detected (e.g., spotlight sensors provide moredetailed location information than omni-directional sensors), dependingon the number of sensors 15 having detected the beacon signals,depending on whether triangulation, multilateration, transmission delay,or signal strength information from multiple sensors is used, and thelike.

The wayfinding functionality provided by the guest engagement system 10,including the wayfinding provided through the guest engagementapplication, is thus provided based on location determination performedby the guest engagement system 10. Specifically, a guests' location isdetermined by a server 21 of the guest engagement system 10 bydetermining a location of the user's medallion 11 and reporting thedetermined location to the guest through the guest engagementapplication. For example, the guest location may be displayedsuperimposed on a map or on a three-dimensional model of the ship shownon a user interface of the application provided on the end device 18currently in use by the guest. In this way, the guest's position is notgenerally determined by the end device 18 in use by the guest, but theguest's position is instead generally determined by the guest engagementsystem 10 (e.g., by a server 21 of the guest engagement system 10) basedon a location of the guest's medallion 11 as detected by the sensornetwork 13 of the guest engagement system 10.

Note that as described above, the sensor network 13 of the guestengagement system 10 can extend to multiple different facilitiesincluding facilities located on and facilities located off of a ship.The guest engagement system 10 can thus be used to provide accuratelocation determination and wayfinding in any of the facilities,including fixed facilities (e.g., land-based), moving facilities (e.g.,ship-based), and facilities including both fixed and moving components(e.g., facilities accessed by cruise passengers during a cruise, whichmay include both ship-based and land-based facilities). In such cases,the guest engagement system 10 can automatically determine a guest'sposition accordingly to the appropriate fixed or moving reference framedepending on whether the guest is currently positioned on a fixed (e.g.,land-based) or moving (e.g., ship-based) reference frame, and providelocation information through the guest engagement application in thereference frame determined to correspond to the guest's currentposition.

As detailed above, the guest engagement system 10 can determine theposition/location of a guest based on the medallion 11, and moreparticularly based on the locations at which beacon signals emitted bythe medallion 11 are detected. The detection relies on operation of thesensors 15 of the system 10, and more specifically on the known locationat which each sensor 15 is installed and the sensing range of eachsensor (e.g., shape and orientation of a directional sensing range). Thedetection can also rely on detection of beacon signals by end devices 18including end devices 18 that have variable locations such as mobiledevices 18 a and tablet computers 18 b. In detail, in the case of enddevices 18, the locations of end devices 18 having fixed locations canbe stored by servers 21 of the guest engagement system 10 and the storedlocation information can be used to determine the locations of detectedmedallions 11.

In the case of movable end devices 18, the guest engagement system 10can rely on two sources of information to determine a current locationof an end device 18 and thereby infer locations of medallions 11detected by the end device 18. First, the guest engagement system 10 canreceive periodic reports from end devices 18 including identifiers ofmedallions 11 from which beacon signals were detected, and can infer thelocation of a medallion 11 by determining the location of the end device18 from which the report was received. The guest engagement system 10can then determine the location of the end device 18 based on theidentity of a Wi-Fi or other wireless access point through which the enddevice 18 is connected to the communication network 19 of the system 10.For this purpose, the guest engagement system 10 maintains a databaseidentifying the mounting location of each wireless access point in thefacility, and uses the database to identify the location of end devices18 and medallions 11 detected by the end devices 18. The identity of thewireless access point can be reported to the guest engagement system 10by the end device 18, or determined by the guest engagement system 10based on header information included in packets received from the enddevice 18.

Second, as part of the periodic reports received from end devices 18 andidentifying medallions 11 detected by the end devices, the guestengagement system 10 may receive location information of the end devices18 when such information is available. The location information reportedby the end device 18 may be a location determined by the end device 18based on the end device's own position determination function such as aGPS-based position determination. In such situations, the guestengagement system 10 can use the reported location information providedby the end device 18 to determine the location of medallions 11 detectedby the end device 18. The guest engagement system 10 can further useinformation on location of the moving reference frame (e.g., a GPSlocation of the ship on which the end device 18 is travelling) todetermine the position of the end device 18 relative to the movingreference frame.

The wayfinding functionality can be used by the guest engagement system10 in order to enable a user of the guest engagement application tolocate another guest or staff member by tracking the other guest orstaff member in real time. This guest tracking functionality can be usedby a guest to locate another guest (e.g., a friend, spouse, child, . . .) as well as by a staff member or host to locate a guest (e.g., todeliver a food, beverage, or other order, or to assist the guest inanother manner), among other circumstances. The guest trackingfunctionality enables one user of the application to be provided throughthe guest engagement application with information on the other guest'scurrent location as determined by the guest engagement system 10,including a display of the other guest's current location displayedsuperimposed on a map or on a three-dimensional model of the ship (orother facility) shown on a user interface of the application. The guesttracking functionality also enables the one user to be provided withwayfinding directions to the other guest's current location based on acombination of the user's location (determined by the guest engagementsystem 10 based on the detected location of the user's medallion 11) andthe other guest's location (determined by the guest engagement system 10based on the detected location of the other guest's medallion 11). Thelocations may be updated in real-time as the user and guest move aboutthe facility, and the wayfinding directions may correspondingly beupdated in real-time.

The functionalities of the guest engagement system 10 described abovecan enable the following services to be provided (described in theillustrative context of a cruise ship example).

The guest engagement system 10, through the guest engagementapplication, enables guests to engage with the system from outside ofthe facility in which the system is installed. For example, guests canengage from home by accessing their profile through a web-based versionof the application or through an end device 18 (e.g., mobile phone 18 a,tablet computer 18 b, desktop computer 18 d, or the like) running theapplication. Guests can then, at their leisure, populate their guestprofile by inputting any required documentation such as passportinformation, completing health forms and travel details, and inputting apreferred form of payment. The guests can also upload a photo, create adigital avatar to further personalize their profile, and arrange or bookservices for example to have luggage picked up for expedited deliverydirect to their stateroom.

Guests can further engage when in an airport—notably in cases in whichguests have obtained their medallions 11 in advance of travel. Forexample, in the case of guests travelling to a facility in which a guestengagement system 10 is operative, the guests may be met at thedestination airport by staff members. In the example, staff membersstationed at the airport may be equipped with end devices 18 running theguest engagement application. The staff members may use the end devices18 and the application to detect medallions 11 of arriving guests,retrieve profile information for the guests including photographs, andrecognize the guests based on the proximity of the medallions 11 andvisual recognition of the guests based on the photographs. The staffmembers can thus personally welcome the guests, confirm theirdocumentation status, and direct them through the airport (e.g., todirect the guests to a fleet of motor coach vehicles destined for a portterminal).

In transit in the motor coach vehicles, guests can again access theguest-focused application through their end devices 18 (e.g., mobilephones 18 a or tablet computers 18 b) to explore options provided at thedestination facility (e.g., the cruise ship, in one example), bookactivities and learn more about the people, places and cultures theywill come to experience.

Additionally, once at the cruise terminal (e.g., in the cruise shipexample), guests may be able to board the ship with minimal furtherinteraction with staff members since the guests are already equippedwith their medallions 11 which function as the key to their stateroom.Additionally, staff members in the terminal may use end devices 18running the staff-focused application to identify arriving guests,identify guests who haven't yet completed the registration process, andapproach those guests in order to assist them with finalizing theprocess.

Further examples of interface devices 17 that can be used as part of theguest engagement system 10 are gaming stations 100 such as that shown inFIG. 10. The gaming stations 100 provide environments in which guestscan engage in gaming, including wager-based gaming, cooperative gamingwith other guests, and head-to-head gaming against other guests.

Each gaming station 100 generally includes ergonomic seating 101 formultiple guests (e.g., four guests in the examples shown in FIG. 10),although a gaming station 100 for a single guest or modular gamingstations 100 for variable numbers of guests can also be used. Theseating 101 can position guests across from each other with a centralframe positioned between the guests and supporting components of thegaming station. Some guests can also be seated next to each other, asshown in FIG. 10. The gaming station 100 also includes one or moredisplay screens 102 mounted to the central frame and used to displaygame play screens and images to users, and input devices 103 such askeyboards, touch pads, touch-sensitive displays, or the like, that aremounted to the central frame and used to receive input from users. Theinput devices 103 can also include microphones (e.g., a microphone arrayincluding multiple microphones disposed at different locations in thegaming station 100), optical sensors, and/or ultrasonic proximitysensors used to provide enhanced user input, user position data, and/oruser movement data of users within the gaming station.

The gaming station 100 also includes one or more sensors 15 (not shown)that are mounted within the station 100 (e.g., at hidden or discretelocations) and are used to identify guests currently seated in thestation 100 or otherwise using the station 100. The sensors 15 are usedto detect medallions 11 of users of the station 100 in order to allowthe users to log into the gaming station 100 and engage in gaming. Thesensors 15 can also be used to establish secure communicationconnections to medallions 11 of users of the station 100 to authenticatethe medallions 11 and engage in payment transactions. In general, thesensors 15 have sensing beams directed to the seating 101 of the gamingstation 100 so as to detect the medallions 11 of guests that are seatedin the gaming station 100. In some examples, the sensing beams of thesensors 15 are adjusted such that only medallions 11 that are within thegaming station 100 can be detected by the sensors 15. In an example, thesensors 15 are positioned and adjusted to detect medallions 11 in eachseating location separately such that the gaming station can distinguishbetween guests located in each different seating location. A seatinglocation may be defined as an area two feet wide, zero to 5 feet fromthe floor, and from one foot behind the edge of the table (to cover apurse/bag at the users feet) to three feet from the edge of the table.The medallions 11 may be detected when in an accessory, pocket (front orback), or bag located within a seating location.

In some embodiments, the gaming station 100 also includes a canopy 105extending above the seating 101 of the gaming station 100. In theexamples of FIG. 10, the canopy 105 is supported by two braces 107 andis formed of a semi-transparent material or a mesh material. The braces107 support the canopy 105 and have integrated therein lighting (e.g.,LED lighting) used to provide multi-colored lighting. The lighting maybe controlled by a processor of the gaming station 100 to outputlighting having an activation pattern and/or color pattern that issynchronized to a game being played on the gaming station 100. Thebraces 107 can further have integrated therein water misting spoutsand/or scent/fragrance misting spouts. The misting spouts may beconnected to a water supply valve or a reservoir (e.g., a scentreservoir) by piping extending through the braces 107 and into theseating 101 of the gaming station 100. The misting spouts connected tothe water supply valve may be selectively controlled by a processor ofthe gaming station 100 to output water mist having an activation patternthat is synchronized to a game being played on the gaming station 100.The misting spouts connected to one or more scent reservoirs may beselectively controlled by the processor of the gaming station 100 tooutput scents (or mixtures of scents) having activation patterns and/orodors that are synchronized to the game being played on the gamingstation 100. Separate misting spouts and piping may be provided in thebraces 107 to separately and independently provide misting and scents.Additionally, different misting spouts and piping may be provided toemit different scents in the gaming station 100.

The gaming station 100 typically includes additional sensory feedbackmodalities for users in addition to visual feedback provided through thedisplay screens and lighting. For example, the gaming station 100typically includes speakers for auditory feedback (e.g., speakersmounted to the central frame, to the seating 101, and to the braces107), as well as haptic or touch feedback provided by actuators mountedto the user input devices 103 and the seating 101 among other locations.

The gaming station 100 can also include one or more external facingdisplay screens 109 on which game play screens and images can bedisplayed in real time to allow other guests to watch a game inprogress. In some examples, the external facing display screen 109 istouch-enabled and allows spectating guests to participate in game playand/or place wagers on game play and player outcomes. In such examples,the gaming station 100 can include one or more external-facing sensors15 disposed so as to sense medallions 11 of guests located in front ofthe external facing display screen 109. The external-facing sensors 15can be used to detect medallions 11 of the guests and allow those gueststo log into the gaming station 100 via the external facing displayscreen 109 to allow the guests to participate in or place wagers ongameplay. The external facing display screens 109 can also be used byguests to register for or join a queue for game play, such that theguests can be invited to join game play in registration or queue orderas seating locations open up in the gaming station 100.

Operation of the gaming station 100 may be controlled by a computingplatform provided within the seating 101. The computing platform willtypically include one or more processors (e.g., three or more processorsin some embodiments), memory storing program instructions for game play,a power source (e.g., including an uninterruptible power source (UPS)),and connections to each of the displays and input devices 102, 103, and109. The computing platform will also be connected via the communicationnetwork 19 to the servers 21 of the guest engagement system 10. Thecomputing platform is further connected to actuators controlling themisting spouts, as well as to controllers controlling the lighting,sound, and haptic or touch feedback. The various feedback modalities maybe individually controlled for each player seating position, such thatdifferent players can be provided with different sensory feedback(including misting, scent, sound, haptic, touch, light, and display) atany time under control of the computing platform.

FIGS. 11 and 12 provide functional block diagram illustrations ofgeneral purpose computer hardware platforms. FIG. 11 illustrates anetwork or host computer platform, as may typically be used to implementa server such as any of the servers 21 described herein. FIG. 12 depictsa computer with user interface elements, as may be used to implement aportal (e.g., 17 d) or other type of work station or terminal device ofthe guest engagement system 10, although the computer of FIG. 12 mayalso act as a server if appropriately programmed. It is believed thatthose skilled in the art are familiar with the structure, programmingand general operation of such computer equipment and as a result thedrawings should be self-explanatory.

A server, for example, includes a data communication interface forpacket data communication. The server also includes a central processingunit (CPU), in the form of one or more processors, for executing programinstructions. The server platform typically includes an internalcommunication bus, program storage and data storage for various datafiles to be processed and/or communicated by the server, although theserver often receives programming and data via network communications.The hardware elements, operating systems and programming languages ofsuch servers are conventional in nature, and it is presumed that thoseskilled in the art are adequately familiar therewith. Of course, theserver functions may be implemented in a distributed fashion on a numberof similar platforms, to distribute the processing load.

Unless otherwise stated, all measurements, values, ratings, positions,magnitudes, sizes, and other specifications that are set forth in thisspecification, including in the claims that follow, are approximate, notexact. They are intended to have a reasonable range that is consistentwith the functions to which they relate and with what is customary inthe art to which they pertain.

The scope of protection is limited solely by the claims that now follow.That scope is intended and should be interpreted to be as broad as isconsistent with the ordinary meaning of the language that is used in theclaims when interpreted in light of this specification and theprosecution history that follows and to encompass all structural andfunctional equivalents. Notwithstanding, none of the claims are intendedto embrace subject matter that fails to satisfy the requirement ofSections 101, 102, or 103 of the Patent Act, nor should they beinterpreted in such a way. Any unintended embracement of such subjectmatter is hereby disclaimed.

Except as stated immediately above, nothing that has been stated orillustrated is intended or should be interpreted to cause a dedicationof any component, step, feature, object, benefit, advantage, orequivalent to the public.

It will be understood that the terms and expressions used herein havethe ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressions withrespect to their corresponding respective areas of inquiry and studyexcept where specific meanings have otherwise been set forth herein.Relational terms such as first and second and the like may be usedsolely to distinguish one entity or action from another withoutnecessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or orderbetween such entities or actions. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,”or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusiveinclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus thatcomprises a list of elements does not include only those elements butmay include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to suchprocess, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by “a” or“an” does not, without further constraints, preclude the existence ofadditional identical elements in the process, method, article, orapparatus that comprises the element.

The Abstract of the Disclosure is provided to allow the reader toquickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It issubmitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpretor limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in theforegoing Detailed Description, it can be seen that various features aregrouped together in various embodiments for the purpose of streamliningthe disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted asreflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments require morefeatures than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as thefollowing claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than allfeatures of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus the following claims arehereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claimstanding on its own as a separately claimed subject matter.

While the foregoing has described what are considered to be the bestmode and/or other examples, it is understood that various modificationsmay be made therein and that the subject matter disclosed herein may beimplemented in various forms and examples, and that the teachings may beapplied in numerous applications, only some of which have been describedherein. It is intended by the following claims to claim any and allapplications, modifications and variations that fall within the truescope of the present teachings.

What is claimed is:
 1. An accessory configured to be worn by a user, the accessory comprising: a metal body having opposing front and rear outer surfaces respectively configured to face away from and towards the user when the accessory is worn, wherein the metal body has a tapered cavity extending between a front opening in the front outer surface of the metal body and a rear opening in the rear outer surface of the metal body, the rear opening has a same shape as the front opening, and the rear opening has a dimension that is greater than that of the front opening, and wherein the metal body has at least one gap extending therethrough from the front outer surface to the rear outer surface, and from the tapered cavity to an outer peripheral surface of the metal body extending between the front and rear outer surfaces, and having a non-conducting material therein.
 2. The accessory of claim 1, wherein the cavity has a frustum shape, the front and rear openings are circular, and the rear opening has a diameter greater than that of the front opening.
 3. The accessory of claim 1, further comprising a non-conducting layer disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the metal body facing the cavity.
 4. The accessory of claim 3, wherein the non-conducting layer is disposed on the surface of the metal body facing the cavity to overlay the at least one gap.
 5. The accessory of claim 1, wherein an angle between the rear outer surface and a side surface of the tapered cavity is in the range of 86 to 88 degrees.
 6. The accessory of claim 1, further comprising four magnets embedded within the body and disposed adjacent to a periphery of the cavity, wherein at least two adjacent magnets among the four magnets each have a pole of a same polarity facing the periphery of the cavity. 